Environmental Ethical Issues Essay

Natural morals is the order that reviews the ethical status, relationship and estimation of people to the earth, alongside its nonhuman substance. It is the part of ecological way of thinking that broadens the customary limits of morals that exclusively takes on people by grasping the nonhuman world. It utilizes impact on a gigantic assortment of orders including geology, environment, financial aspects, religious philosophy, human science and law. Consistently, this order inspected issues concerning an Earth-wide temperature boost and ozone consumption, vitality use and creation, harmful waste, water quality, elimination, tropical deforestation, fisheries the board, ranger service the board and waste administration. History While nature was the focal point of consideration of various nineteenth and twentieth century theory, the advanced ecological morals just came into see as an insightful order during the 1970s. Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring in 1963, is among the accessible work that caused to notice the emergency (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). Carson’s work is comprised of a few papers prior distributed in the New Yorker magazine pointing how pesticides like deildrin, aldrin and DDT combine right through the food web. Carson estimates that business cultivating rehearses planned at misusing crop benefits and yields are equipped for influencing both open and ecological wellbeing. Alternately, in 1967, student of history Lynn White Jr. contends that the chronicled base of the ecological emergency is people’s Judeo-Christian way of thinking that advances the overexploitation of condition (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). White proposes that the demeanor continues human predominance over each other living thing on earth and communicates that nature is made for human misuse. White’s hypothesis is broadly examined ever, philosophy and has been presented to various sociological testing, on it being over and over talked about by savants. In 1968, Paul Ehrlich, a Stanford biologist, distributed â€Å"The Population Bomb,† cautioning that the acceleration of human populace will jeopardize the ecological systems’ ability to give life-support (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). Furthermore, the forester Aldo Leopold had likewise crusaded for the preservation and energy about condition (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). The worries were motivated by a mix of stylish and moral reactions to nature and a criticism to hostile financial methodologies that sabotages the noteworthiness of the earth. Taken all in all, notwithstanding, the various perspectives of the aforementioned savants have likewise prompted the rise of sensibly different ecological morals. Recent developments Currently, ecological morals are setting down issues in various regions of the bio network. For example, the World Health Organization declares that pesticide harming, especially in creating nations, causes just about 50,000 passings consistently; while the US Office of Technology Assessment guarantees that in excess of 90 percent of every single human disease are naturally actuated and are clearly avoidable (Frechette, n. d. , p. 2). Some accept that the significant culprit of this problem is mechanical contamination, taking into account the way that the malignancy rate is likely following along the industrialization rate everywhere throughout the world. Be that as it may, the most evident result that untrustworthy utilization of the earth has brought today is the progressive changes in the worldwide atmosphere. There is presently a tremendous logical simultaneousness that an unnatural weather change is occurring and human invigorated the said problem. With an unnatural weather change on the ascent and species and living spaces waning, the probabilities for biological systems to normally adjust are lessening. Appropriately, the supporters of ecological morals have a similar sentiment that something should be finished with respect to environmental change and a dangerous atmospheric devation. Future Numerous individuals agree that environmental change might be probably the best issue in ecological morals later on. In any case, there are different issues in natural morals that are relied upon to proceed later on including the wild demolition, squander, species eradication, asset exhaustion, destitution, populace, atomic weapons, marine contamination, vitality, environments, deforestation, barometrical contamination and the most underestimated hereditary building. In the United States, approximately 75 percent of its prepared food contains different hereditarily adjusted fixings (McLean, 2008). Despite the fact that people were at that point adjusting crops some time before the appearance of current biotechnology and hereditary qualities; nonetheless, with the developing human populace and the impacts of environmental change, it is considerably increasingly expected that this procedure will turn out to be astoundingly pervasive later on. Natural morals in food crops hereditary designing makes issues like up and coming risks to the untamed life and condition; potential financial outcomes; looming threats to human wellbeing; and potential to open certainty caused somehow or another by refusal to name hereditarily changed nourishments all things considered (McLean, 2008). The field of natural morals is obviously significant as it is worried about the plan of humans’ moral commitments with respect to the earth. A few ideas created to give answer for certain issues incorporate government intercession and market disappointment, monetary productivity, esteeming natural assets, and the connection between the total economy and the earth. Nonetheless, without the contribution of the various enormous polluters, it might be normal that these ideas will miss the mark. End The assembly of lawful, political and moral discussions concerning the earth, the rise of perspectives that reinforce basic entitlements activism and the puzzles about whether a situation ethic is something new or just an expansion or change of existing moral hypotheses are consistently uncovered in more extensive political and social developments. In view of the developing worry for the earth and the outcome that human activities bring upon nature, it is clear that the field of ecological morals will be much increasingly crucial in times to come. All things considered, in spite of these changes brought about by different ways of thinking, each one should irreplaceably recall the essential principle that ecological activities are moral when it will in general shield the magnificence, solidness, and honesty of the natural network and it is unscrupulous when it tends something else. References Frechette, K. S. (n. d. ). Moral Issues in Environmental and Occupational Health. Relationship of Schools of Public Health. Recovered May 7, 2009, from http://www.asph. organization/UserFiles/Module7. pdf McLean, M. R. (2008). The Future of Food: An Introduction to the Ethical Issues in Genetically Modified Foods. Santa Clause Clara University. Recovered May 8, 2009, from http://www. scu. edu/morals/rehearsing/focusareas/clinical/gathering/introductions/hereditarily changed nourishments. html Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2008, January 3). Ecological Ethics. Recovered May 7, 2009, from http://plato. stanford. edu/sections/morals

Promoting effective communication Essay

There are various elements to think about while advancing compelling correspondence. When utilizing verbal correspondence with patients it is critical to talk seeing them, talking gradually and plainly and utilizing basic language,. Note that when working with patients with learning inabilities we have ensured they have comprehended what I have said. When talking with partners or experts the language I use can be progressively unpredictable and frequently I will talk quicker anyway most factors continue as before, it is as yet significant that data given verbally is clear and succinct. A case of this is the point at which this is the point at which I have coached new staff I ensure I talk over everything gradually and plainly and I additionally get then to rehash a portion of that data back to show they have comprehended. Verbally imparting along these lines will vary dependant on climate I am chatting on a balanced premise or to a gathering. On the off chance that I am conversing with a gathering I should make sure to address everybody and not prohibit anybody. When utilizing non-verbal correspondence there are a wide range of elements to consider. For instance, on the off chance that I am slummed in a seat, it might show that I am not keen on the discussion. Eye to eye connection is additionally significant as this can show that I am occupied with the discussion, different interesting points would be hand motions, non-verbal communication and outward appearances, for instance, in the event that I grimace or have my arms collapsed I may give a negative impression. At last it is essential to recollect that for powerful correspondence to occur it includes the two gatherings to be locked in. Having the option to listen well is essential in a two manner discussions.

Sorry you didnt meet me (

Sorry you didn’t meet me ( During the Meet the Bloggers party on friday, I sent the following email to Ben Jones: - Date: Fri, 13 Apr 2007 21:03:56 -0400 (EDT) Subject: is there a meetthebloggers party and am i invited? -lulu - It turns out I was invited. Sorry I got confused. Its not too late though, to meet me, that is. You know where I live. Here a special shoutout to my homegirl Jessica. She was my prefrosh hostee for an overnight when I was a wee freshman and now shes all grown up and class of 2011 and everything :) aww I didnt get a prefrosh this CPW. I also didnt get to be Tim the Beaver, which cut me pretty deep. I havent updated in a while. What have I been up to? For one, I went to West Virginia. I know, I know, WHY? Well, because Cambridge was doing this: But also because: and and Me n my travel buddy: Also, I Got to learn how to drive stick-shift: Got to stand next to some big huge telescopes. Sometimes, nature does some strange things. You think you know, but one day it was thunderstorming and the lightning hit the little pine tree on the side of the road instead of the big huge telescope next to it. Did you know? The National Radio Astronomy Observatory in Green Bank, WV is located in the nations only radio-quiet zone that spans approximately 15,000 square miles in area. (fact check!: 13,000 sq miles. source: Wikipedia) In addition, I Rode around in a convertible: Also saw some huge windmills: And more! But youd have to be in my writing class to know the rest. In other news, Ive been running around like a maniac, made two overnight trips to Connecticut in the same week because the US Government made me. The end result: IM A CITIZEN! Yeah go me, and good thing, too, since Ill be working at NASA this summer building a satellite. PAID INTERNSHIP. Because I dont think its top secret, Ill talk about it a little. Its called the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), hopefully the lowest budget useful gadget well ever send into space. The launch is *hopeful* for 2009 2010 but one never knows. It will look for extrasolar planets (transiting planets- that cross in front of their host stars). The project is very ambitious for a 2 million dollar budget. Oh yeah and the project hasnt officially begun yet, which is really cool for me, maybe Ill play a minutely important role in the whole thing and see it go up when I graduate from MIT. Anyways Im really excited about that and on that matter I think Ill put in a plug for MIT: Look, go anywhere you want, but KNOW, that if you come here, youre guaranteed some pretty cool connections. I have to say Ive had generally great experiences with the professors and administration here. I dropped Aero/Astro and switched to Physics (which was, by the way, as simple as filling out a half-page form), but still go in and talk to my advisor from Aero/Astro (Prof. Wes Harris) about career plans and classes and things like that. A major in Course 16 has tons of requirements but if you want to build some kind of curriculum for yourself, its actually extremely flexible and allows you to petition out of many basic courses into the more advanced ones. Course 16 admins still send me emails about internship opportunities that open up (how I heard about this one), and I still have card access to the labs and lounges! (though that might be accidental) and UROPS! If I didnt get this particular job, I would have gone with the science team working on the MWA (Mileura Widefield Array, I believe) to Australia to help them assemble the radio telescope array. As a UROP student. Which, yes, at this point Im just bragging but LOOK AT THE COOL THINGS YOU GET TO DO! And Im just a dumb sophomore with okay grades and very limited experience. This internship is in California, so Ill be on the west coast for all the summer. But I wont be alone, there are 3 or 4 other students in Aero/Astro going out to this NASA facility (working on different projects, of course) and a couple of physics kids that I know. I cant think of anything else to talk about right now. Oh, the ring delivery is this thursday. Thats pretty cool I should have some pictures. And also, hope you had a good time at CPW. But remember, CPW might be fun, but keep in mind, Orientation is EVEN MORE FUN! p.s. I took a picture of a dog holding a whole sandwich in his mouth (this was in WV): I havent seen anything like that before or since. Good! Yay, pick a college. Do it quickly. Dont make a fuss. Sincerely, Lulu

Technology Is Taking Over - 860 Words

Technology is Taking Over? In this modern time many of us have lost touch with the outer world due to being so connect to precious technology. Many of us are looking or working on a computer or cell phone screen. Every college class has college students working behind a computer screen even thought it may not be work that they are doing. Work is also a place where one is suck back into technology, even in a warehouse you will see a computer used. With all the advance technology being release more and more people are getting the latest technology while given away their whole life to the technology. People are becoming so connect to their technology that they become socially odd. College students are among the main demographic for new and latest technology and with that many of the college miss use the purpose of technology. Many college students have laptops but how many of them are using their laptops for work in the class room? The reason for the cause of this â€Å"â€Å"negative effects of stressful life events† (Pearlin, 1989). â€Å"Because they are more socially isolated, college students tend to rely on technology to obtain social support† (LaRose, Eastin, Gregg, 2001)† The short answer is that no very many since most of them are just on Facebook or any other social media. For them to on these social network they missing out in important information from the classroom. There are also many other students that are actually using their laptops for their education but just theShow MoreRelatedTechnology : Taking Over Education969 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology: Taking Over Education What does having a career in education mean? What does being a teacher who will always impact the students’ lives that she comes in contact with mean? Going into the education field, one has to have a lot of tricks up their sleeve to keep students involved and engaged. Tricks such as animated voices, interesting books, and fun online games. For example, in classes today teachers by themselves will only have a child s attention for all of 10 minutes before theyRead MoreTechnology Is Taking Over The World ! Technology2107 Words   |  9 Pagesthis rate technology is taking over the world! Technology in education has grown at a rapid pace over the years. Through these years many obstacles have been overcome, but many more still lay ahead. People today use technology on an everyday basis from the time they wake up to the time they go to sleep, but the question of whether technology is positive for the students is still an ongoing debate in today’s society. There are so man y things to gain from integrating the use of technology into the classroomRead MoreTechnology Taking Over Old School625 Words   |  3 PagesWill technology takeover old-schooled ways of learning? As you may have noticed over the course of years, technology is becoming more and more advanced because the demand for new products is at an all-time high. As fellow user of all things technological in the world, I couldn’t be happier with all the new gadgets that will be coming out in the future. Some features that came along with new smartphones and iPads is now you can watch your favorite television shows whenever you want without actuallyRead More Technology taking over Parenting Essay938 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology in the world today is becoming more advanced than ever. Parenting is being made easier and harder for some families because of the new technology. Some families do not have the money for the new additions to the technological world and other families have everything they have ever imagined. Amitai Etzioni is a professor at George Washington University. He has written nineteen books including the article â€Å"High-Tech Parenting.† It appeared in Th e American Enterprise in January of 1998. Read MoreTechnology Is Taking Over People s Lives967 Words   |  4 Pageswas checked before reading this. It goes to show; technology is taking over people’s lives because everywhere someone goes technology exists. However, technology acts as a basic necessity for this generation because every question, game, or conversation happens at his or her disposal. But with the emergence of social media, people swarm Facebook or Instagram posting explicit photos or ridiculing others in order to achieve self-confidence. Technology has provided the misguided confidence society hasRead MoreTechnology is Taking Over and Replacing Humans Essays1049 Words   |  5 Pagesrobots are taking over and planning to destroy humanity as it currently stands. They’re smarter, faster, and stronger making them superior to humans in every way. 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King Surname Meaning and Origin

King generally comes from the Old English cyning, originally meaning tribal leader. This nickname was commonly bestowed on a man who carried himself like royalty, or who played the part of the king in a medieval pageant. Occasionally, the King surname was used by a man who served in a royal household. King is the 35th most popular surname in the United States and the 36th most common surname in England. Surname Origin: English Alternate Surname Spellings: KINGE Famous People with the KING Surname: Dr. Martin Luther King - American civil rights leaderStephen King - popular American author, best known for his horror booksB.B. King - American blues guitar legend Genealogy Resources for the Surname KING: 100 Most Common U.S. Surnames Their MeaningsSmith, Johnson, Williams, Jones, Brown... Are you one of the millions of Americans sporting one of these top 100 common last names from the 2000 census? King Genealogy of Colonial VirginiaA Web site dedicated to using DNA to prove/disprove that the parents of Thomas King (1714-1798) of Louisa County, Va. were William Alfred King (1685-1779) and Sophia Burgess of Stafford County, Va. King Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the King surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own King query. FamilySearch - KING GenealogyFind records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the King surname and its variations. KING Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the King surname. Cousin Connect - KING Genealogy QueriesRead or post genealogy queries for the surname King, and sign up for free notification when new King queries are added. DistantCousin.com - KING Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name King. ----------------------- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Organizational behaviour assignment Free Essays

string(64) " SABA should already formed partnership with private companies\." The introductory chapters describes things such the forces within SABA management environment and their impact in either influence positively or negatively the SABA, as well as the factors that influence their organizational structures and the resistance resented by some employees about the impact of the turnaround strategy. In addition, in the final part of the article, an overview of what methods must be made available to maintain the values and norms of its early culture and how their senior leadership should use their influence over the employees in a bid to successfully lead the organization in their glory days, it is presented. Paging 2 Question 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational behaviour assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The SABA s management environment was suffocating at the time of writing the extract. Identify the forces within SABA management environment, and comprehensively discuss the impact of such forces in influencing the success or allure of the SABA. If there is anything that is stead fast and unchanging, it is change itself. Change is inevitable, and those organizations who do not keep up with change will become instable, with longtime survivability in question. There are things, events, or situations that occur that affect the way that business operates, either in a positive or a negative way. These things, events, or situations that occur that affect a business in either a positive or negative way are called Driving Forces or Environment Factors . There are two kind of driving forces: a) Internal driving forces are those things, vents, or situations that occur inside the organization, and are generally under the control of the company; and b) External driving forces are those things, events, or situations that occur outside of the organization and are by, and large beyond out of the control of the company. For the definitions above we can see that SABA management environment was facing both the Internal and External forces, which unfortunately their top management did not have any control over them, but yet they could respond and adapt to their opportunities and treats. From now on, I will discuss the impact of such forces in either success or failure of SABA. Ã'‘ Impact of the internal driving forces. SABA management environment was largely criticized among the other things, for mismanagement, corruption and nepotism, lacking long-lasting top leadership, drop in the quality of news and documentaries, heavy staff base and too few local productions. In short, there is rising discontent that very little has been materialized of the vision for public service broadcasting. Ã'‘ Impact of the external driving forces. Out of the control of their top management, SABA management environment was facing the impact either positively or negatively of the following external driving ores. A) Economic Forces. Economic forces may well influence for the success of an organization in the sense that low level of unemployment and falling interest rates for example, may give people more money to spend and as result, organizations such SABA can sell more goods and services. Good Organizational Behavior Paging 3 economic times can affect positively the organization because supply of resources becomes easier or more inexpensive to be acquired, and with that SABA can be able to respond effectively in terms of their customers demand, and the organizations have a big opportunity to flourish. In contrast, damage macroeconomic conditions for example, pose a major threat to them, as they reduce SABA manager s ability to gain access to the resources their organization need to survive and prosper. Poor economic conditions make the environment more complex and manager s Job more difficult and demanding. Organization such SABA often need to reduce the number of their employees, streamline their operations and identify ways to acquire and use resources more efficiently and effectively. B) Technological Forces. They can have a good impact in SABA management environment in the sense that tit the changes in technological advances that it s observed in the last decades, have also spurred technological advances in the SABA. While the most obvious benefit from technology is increase productivity, which can be translated into a lower cost structure for example, there are some other benefits that can help the bottom line of SABA as well. It can improve speed, the ease sharing and storing of information and a decrease of employees error through automation resulting in a reduction in costs and increase in revenue. In the other hand, with technological advances, have greatly increased the competitive nature of the economic business oral. Technological changes can create competitive pressures for broadcasting companies because as the technology advance, so do the desire of the consumers which will demand better and appropriate supplier of goods and services. If SABA deploys a new communication system for example, they will have to pay an extra fee to train employees to use that technology effectively. C) Demographic Forces. Demographics refers to study of people, such their age, sex, marital status, occupation, family size etc. Hough, demography is uncontrollable because managers cannot control the sex, age, marital status in their external environment, but accurate recast future trend and consumption of their organization goods and services. Example: the aging of the population has several implications for the workplace. Most significant are relative decline in the number of young people Joinin g the workforce and an increase in the number of active employees who are postponing retirement beyond the traditional age of 65. These changes suggest that organizations need to find ways to motive older employees and use their skills and knowledge. ) Political and Legal Forces. Political processes shape a nation s laws and the international laws that govern the relationships between nations/organizations. Laws constrain the operations of the organizations and managers and thus create both positive and negative impact in an organization. For example, has been a strong trend toward deregulation of organizations like Organizational Behavior Paging 4 SABA previously controlled and owned by the State. Many analysts described that in order to come up strong again, SABA should already formed partnership with private companies. You read "Organizational behaviour assignment" in category "Papers" Another important political and legal force affecting managers and organizations is the political integration of countries/organizations that has been taking place during past decades. Increasingly, nations and organizations can form political unions that allow free exchange of resources and capital. Beyond the opportunities that international agreements to abolish laws and regulations that restrict and reduce trade between countries and organizations can bring, it also pose a serious threat as they can easily increase competition in task environment for organizations like SABA. To conclude, it s better to remind that there still a lot of forces that can influence either in the success or failure of SABA management environment, but here, I tried to focused on the ones that I think are the most relevant to do so. Figurer . The forces within a management environment) Paging 5 Question 2. The change management team set up by the minister will likely encounter stiff resistance from the majority of the SABA employees for some reasons. Outline the sources of resistance and provide coping mechanism to such resistance. In order to understand the reasons behind the resistance, it is critical to define what is meant by the term resistance. Folder and Garlicky, early researcher on the subject, define resistance to change as employee behavior that seeks to challenge, disrupt, or invert prevailing assumptions, discourses, and power relations . If management does not understand, accept and make effort to work with resistance, it can undermine even the most well intentioned and well conceived change efforts. So, here are some reasons why I think employees may act reluctant or show resistance about the SABA turnaround strategy: a) Fear of Job losses. One of the potential reasons why people may be suspicious and fearful towards a organization s change initiatives, is when they perceive the proposed change as having the potential break the continuity of a work environment and thereby creating a climate of uncertainty and ambiguity. According key informants, some of the objective of the turnaround strategy was the cutting of the wage bill. As a result, most employees were concerned that they might lose their Jobs. B) Negative attitude. Most of the SABA employees seemed to exhibit negative tendencies and attitudes towards the organization s turnaround strategy. The impact has also been felt in terms or lowering employee s morale, disillusionment, fear and anger and the work space was considered not to be conductive for engaging in meaningful work. For example, one employee contacted seemed not have faith in the organization s turnaround strategy as she alleged that it was disjointed and that some of activities ere not well monitored . C) Poor consultation by management. The consultation by the SABA s management towards the employees was not efficient. It seems as if the strategy was planned from and by the top management without any input by the rest of the employees. ) Communication and lack of understanding. The way that you communicate the changes that will occur within an organization can have a significant role in how the turnaround strategy is perceived and understood by the employees. The different communication channels and networks should be employed to communicate the turnaround strategy to employee pending on their levels of unde rstandings. According Paging 6 many employees, some of information about the turnaround strategy was disseminated through e-mails and internet of which not all employees had access. E) Top down decision making. The use of medium such as intranet, posters and flyers by the management did not provide an opportunity of feedback by the employees at the grass root level. For example, one of the employees said: we Just saw posters and other promotional items and stickers in the toilet and some of us were not even sure what they were all about . Ã'‘ Recommendations on how the SABA to management can cope with this aeries presented by the employees: It is therefore recommended that the SABA should invest more money in ensuring that the turnaround strategy is disseminated clearly and comprehensively to all its employees. That is to make sure that all employees are on the same page in as far as understanding the turnaround strategy is concerned. The SABA should also ensure that all communique © about the strategy reaches all the employees at various levels and that the strategy is communicated at the level, and through the channels that will be understood by all employees. It is important that any decision that affect employees working environment should be implemented in partnership with all the employees that are or will be affected. The SABA should afford all its stakeholders particularly the employees full and meaningful participation, that is from the planning phase, implementation phase and monitoring and evaluation phase. After the introduction of the turnaround strategy, the organization s climate was dominated by uncertainty and rumors of Job losses, which could have been averted by engagement processes by the SABA. This implies that the organization ought to create a climate of trust between itself and its stakeholders. There is need for accountability and transparency and a climate of climate of trust needs to be re- established. In view of these findings the researcher recommends that the SABA should not overlook the positive contribution that its employees can make, but also strike a balance between the needs of the organization and that of its employees. Paging 7 Question 3 A number of factors have a considerable influence on the choice of the organizational structure and designing the SABA structure remains a thorny issue for top management. With regards to these assertions, identify these factors and impressively discuss how each factor can influence the design of SABA s organizational structure. Designing an organizational structure is not a simple task for everyone, especially for big organizations such SABA. Managers design organizational structure to fit the factors or circumstances that are affecting the company the most and causing the most uncertainty. The challenge that the top management of SABA will face is to design a structure that (a) motivate managers and employees to work hard and to develop supportive Job behaviors and attitudes; and (b) coordinate the action of employees, groups, functions and divisions to ensure they work together effectively and efficiently. Thus, for the problems that SABA s top management was facing, the factors that they should look for to design their organizational structure are as follows: v Organizational size. The larger an organization becomes, the more complicated it s his structure. Running a broadcasting company like SABA it s not simple as running a small organization that may not even require a formal structure, as their individuals simply perform tasks based on their likes, dislikes, ability and/or need. For large organizations, it becomes increasingly difficult to manage without more formal work assignments and some delegation of authority. Therefore, large organizations as SABA must develop formal structures, with tasks being highly specialized and detailed rules and guidelines must dictate work procedures. Inter- organizational communication must flow primarily from superior to subordinate, and hierarchical relationships must serve as foundation for authority, responsibility and control. The type of structure that develops will be one that provides the organization with the ability to operate effectively. That is one reason large companies are often mechanistic mechanistic systems are usually designed to maximize specialization and improve efficiency. V Strategy. From the article we saw that SABA was struggling with problems such increased competition, unsuccessful methods to survive, change in ownership regulation and many more. The big problem that time was the incapacity to choose the right means to implement a strategy to cope with those problems. Different strategies often call for the use of different organizational structure and cultures. Let take in consideration increased competition for example: after being the monopoly roads for more than 4 decades, the SABA now has find herself competing with 14 private radio stations, 1 free-to-air private national terrestrial television channel, e-TV and melancholic. Paging 8 After find themselves in that condition, they should choose how they could position they self in the market in terms of its goods and services. They should focus on strategies that require a structure that helps the organization face the competition or its objectives. In other words, they should adopt a structure that must fit the strategy. Maybe for example, they ought to decide to be always the first on the market with the sweets and best goods and service (differentiation strategy) or it may decide that should produce a product already on the market more efficiently and more cost effectively (cost-leadership strategy). Strategy is how an organization is going to position itself in the market in terms of its goods and services. Many companies have been divesting business because managers have been unable to create a competitive advantage to keep them up to speed in fast-changing industries. They need to design a flexible structure to provide sufficient coordination among the different business vision, doing that, managers gain more control over their different business. V The environment. The environment is the world in which the organization operates and includes conditions such as economic, socio-cultural, legal political, technological and natural environment conditions which can easily influence the organization. Environments are often described as either stable or dynamic. By the criticism imposed on the SABA, I can conclude that they are operating in a more dynamic/flexible environment, where customer desires are continuously changing and are being difficult to solve. SABA is dealing with an external environment changing quickly and with that, the greater is the uncertainty within it and greater are the problems their top management face trying to gain access to scarce resources. In this case, to speed decision making and communication and make it easier to obtain resources, their top management should typically make organizing choices that result in more flexible structures and entrepreneurial cultures. They must likely decentralized authority, empower lower-level employees to make important operating decisions and encourage values and norms that emphasize change and innovation a more organic arm of organization. V Technology. As Van Sly (2002:3) observes: The most powerful and technologically advanced public broadcaster in Africa was condemned by the very constituency that brought into being . SABA one of the most powerful and technological advanced public Broadcasting Corporation in Africa, even so, its criticized among other things, for drop in the quality of news and documentaries and too few local productions. How can such powerful and technological broadcasting organization facing all this problems? The more complicated the technology that an organization uses, the more difficult it s to regulate or control it because more unexpected events can arise. Organizational Behavior Paging 9 One of the major targets on the turnaround strategy is to finally ensure the launch of digital terrestrial television (TTT). With all these revolution in mind, the SABA top management must come up with a strong and capable flexible structure and progressive culture to enhance managers and their subordinate s abilities to respond to unexpected situations and give them freedom and desire to work out new solutions to the problems they encounter. In order to create competitive advantage of genealogy, technological tasks must be accomplished using tools, equipment, techniques, and human know-how. V Human resource. A final important factor affecting an organization s choice of structure and culture is the characteristics of human resource it employs. SABA was characterized by lacking long-lasting top leadership, corruption and nepotism, mismanagement, weak and inappropriately skilled and experienced executive management. It is possible to see that is was far behind all expectations that is expected from a large company as SABA. To cope with this problems, when designing organizational structure and culture, heir top management must pay close attention to the needs and kinds of the workforce that they employs and to the complexity and kind of work that employees perform. (Figurer. Factors that influence the design of an organizational structure) Paging 10 Question 4 The founders of the organization have a major impact on the early culture of the organization. Critically discuss the various ways through which the SABA can maintain culture. An organizational culture, particularly during its early years is inevitably tied to the personality, background, and values of its founder or founders, as well as their vision or the future of the organization. Many organizations as well as SABA start out with exciting ideas and concepts, but as they grow, they can lose that culture that made them successful or they can continue growing and keep that culture they created. What separates one type of organization from the other? One of the key factors to keep business culture is to define the culture you want to create from the beginning, and integrate it into how you hire people, how you treat employees, the type of customer service you provide, and the general environment of your organization. So, unfortunately, nowadays SABA does to incorporate all these factors effectively as we saw that they are far for hiring the best and the most capable to perform the tasks, do not motivate the employees, they are far as ever from keeping happy their customers by providing a quality customer service and are operating in a very turbulent organizational environment. The only ways that SABA can recover and maintain its culture or to ensure that its own culture lasts through growth and change, they should adopt the following steps: v Define the culture and how it is different from the other concepts. The core values that the menders instilled in the organization should remain the same and separate from other ideas, and of course, should be observed in the current company s devotion to work and in achieve the goals proposed by the founders. Develop a strategy plan for implementing that culture. SABA must create a systematic process of envisioning that culture, and translating this vision into broadly defined goals or objectives and a sequence of steps to achieve them. V Implementation of the culture. SABA senior management must implement that culture in all they do, including hiring, compensation, rewards and incentives creating the environment, marketing etc. V Make sure employees at all levels know what the culture is and that they buy into it. First of all, be aware of that all employees clearly understood how the top management of SABA want the organization to be running , what kind of values and norms they seek. Make all of them understand the SABA founder s basic principles. In other words, their subordinates must clear understand what is waiting for and what is expecting from them, and Organizational Behavior Paging 11 must know how to actually do the old behaviors, once they have already been defined and/or established. How to cite Organizational behaviour assignment, Papers

COMPASSION FOR THE SOULS WHO INHABIT HELL Essay Example For Students

COMPASSION FOR THE SOULS WHO INHABIT HELL Essay Dantes Inferno is a 14th- century poem that seems calculated to cause the greatest possible pain to a 20th-century humanist, or to anyone who is attracted to Christianity because of its compassion and belief in the possibility of redemption. The God of the Inferno has precious little compassion and no forgiveness. He was the God who not only turned a blind eye to Belsen, but also exercised great ingenuity in constructing His own blood-chilling concentration camp, where sinners should suffer, not only during their brief lives, but for all eternity. What is particular about Dantes God is that He consigns sinners to their particular circle in Hell according to an immutable tariff of offences. No attention is paid to mitigating circumstances, or the idea of doing justice to the individual soul before the Divine Court. Hell, in short, was made on exactly the lines that the present Home Secretary would wish to impose on our present sentencing system. How do we reconcile the enjoyment of a great poem with what must seem, to many of us today, a repellent theology? Ulysses may best capture our own views in his speech to his sailors. He celebrates the dignity of man and says: You were not bornto live as a mere brute does/ But for the pursuit of knowledge and the good. But such sensible humanism is, apparently, no better than the excuses of the gluttons and the adulterers. Ulysses is condemned as a thief and must suffer in Hell. In an admirable Preface to Robert Pinskys translation, John Freccero deals with past attempts to enjoy the poem without revulsion. Coleridge advised us to ;suspend disbelief; and enjoy the poetry without accepting the theology. Erich Auerbach suggested we separate ;Dantes didactic intent from his power of representation, and held that the reality of the condemned characters overwhelmed their allegorical meaning. Perhaps we should simply remember how Dante suffered from the ruthless power-seeking and political intrigue in Florence and take Hell as an accurate picture of politics today. George Steiner, the distinguished critic and polymath, has suggested in his book In Bluebeards Castle that the Holocaust is the Christian idea of hell made real and that the most knowledgeable guide to the camps is actually Dante. Robert Pinsky, the recently appointed poet laureate of the United States, was asked to comment on this notion in an interview in The Forward that marked the publication of the poets acclaimed translation of Dantes Inferno. ;In magnitude, in challenge to the imagination, in degree of horror, in terrifying questions it raises, thats an appropriate analogy. But we must never forget the defect of the analogy. Souls are assigned in the Inferno according to a system of justice; souls were assigned in the camps according to a system of injustice. Of all the concentration camps in the Nazis vast empire, the one that perhaps most clearly resembled Dantes Hell was Dora, the underground camp composed of a series of massive tunnels actually built into the side of a mountain, where the V-1 and V-2 rockets were manufactured through the most horrific use of slave labor in all of the Reich. There were many Jews among them, but the prisoners represented a cross- section of all the nationalities and religions in Europe. In these camps sadism exercised without constraint. The prisoners were exposed to extremes of suffering, constant physical misery and sickness, all of it aggravated by a starvation diet. There was a conspicuous gallows where inmates were hanged, usually for suspected sabotaging of the missile parts, but often just for the sport of the SS men. The other inmates were forced to watch these especially brutal executions. If an inmate managed to survive the starvation diet, the accidents with machinery or the hangmans noose, there were still sadistic SS men waiting in the shadows. ;Ironface; was one of the most dreaded of these murderers, an individual said to be able to kill even a healthy man with a single well-placed blow of his club. More people were killed making rockets than by the rockets themselves. This was established in London. Environmentsl Sys Essay Less than 5,000 people were killed and 4,000 were injured. More than 20,000 died in Dora. Dante inferno poem is the .