Environmental Ethical Issues Essay

Natural morals is the order that reviews the ethical status, relationship and estimation of people to the earth, alongside its nonhuman substance. It is the part of ecological way of thinking that broadens the customary limits of morals that exclusively takes on people by grasping the nonhuman world. It utilizes impact on a gigantic assortment of orders including geology, environment, financial aspects, religious philosophy, human science and law. Consistently, this order inspected issues concerning an Earth-wide temperature boost and ozone consumption, vitality use and creation, harmful waste, water quality, elimination, tropical deforestation, fisheries the board, ranger service the board and waste administration. History While nature was the focal point of consideration of various nineteenth and twentieth century theory, the advanced ecological morals just came into see as an insightful order during the 1970s. Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring in 1963, is among the accessible work that caused to notice the emergency (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). Carson’s work is comprised of a few papers prior distributed in the New Yorker magazine pointing how pesticides like deildrin, aldrin and DDT combine right through the food web. Carson estimates that business cultivating rehearses planned at misusing crop benefits and yields are equipped for influencing both open and ecological wellbeing. Alternately, in 1967, student of history Lynn White Jr. contends that the chronicled base of the ecological emergency is people’s Judeo-Christian way of thinking that advances the overexploitation of condition (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). White proposes that the demeanor continues human predominance over each other living thing on earth and communicates that nature is made for human misuse. White’s hypothesis is broadly examined ever, philosophy and has been presented to various sociological testing, on it being over and over talked about by savants. In 1968, Paul Ehrlich, a Stanford biologist, distributed â€Å"The Population Bomb,† cautioning that the acceleration of human populace will jeopardize the ecological systems’ ability to give life-support (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). Furthermore, the forester Aldo Leopold had likewise crusaded for the preservation and energy about condition (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). The worries were motivated by a mix of stylish and moral reactions to nature and a criticism to hostile financial methodologies that sabotages the noteworthiness of the earth. Taken all in all, notwithstanding, the various perspectives of the aforementioned savants have likewise prompted the rise of sensibly different ecological morals. Recent developments Currently, ecological morals are setting down issues in various regions of the bio network. For example, the World Health Organization declares that pesticide harming, especially in creating nations, causes just about 50,000 passings consistently; while the US Office of Technology Assessment guarantees that in excess of 90 percent of every single human disease are naturally actuated and are clearly avoidable (Frechette, n. d. , p. 2). Some accept that the significant culprit of this problem is mechanical contamination, taking into account the way that the malignancy rate is likely following along the industrialization rate everywhere throughout the world. Be that as it may, the most evident result that untrustworthy utilization of the earth has brought today is the progressive changes in the worldwide atmosphere. There is presently a tremendous logical simultaneousness that an unnatural weather change is occurring and human invigorated the said problem. With an unnatural weather change on the ascent and species and living spaces waning, the probabilities for biological systems to normally adjust are lessening. Appropriately, the supporters of ecological morals have a similar sentiment that something should be finished with respect to environmental change and a dangerous atmospheric devation. Future Numerous individuals agree that environmental change might be probably the best issue in ecological morals later on. In any case, there are different issues in natural morals that are relied upon to proceed later on including the wild demolition, squander, species eradication, asset exhaustion, destitution, populace, atomic weapons, marine contamination, vitality, environments, deforestation, barometrical contamination and the most underestimated hereditary building. In the United States, approximately 75 percent of its prepared food contains different hereditarily adjusted fixings (McLean, 2008). Despite the fact that people were at that point adjusting crops some time before the appearance of current biotechnology and hereditary qualities; nonetheless, with the developing human populace and the impacts of environmental change, it is considerably increasingly expected that this procedure will turn out to be astoundingly pervasive later on. Natural morals in food crops hereditary designing makes issues like up and coming risks to the untamed life and condition; potential financial outcomes; looming threats to human wellbeing; and potential to open certainty caused somehow or another by refusal to name hereditarily changed nourishments all things considered (McLean, 2008). The field of natural morals is obviously significant as it is worried about the plan of humans’ moral commitments with respect to the earth. A few ideas created to give answer for certain issues incorporate government intercession and market disappointment, monetary productivity, esteeming natural assets, and the connection between the total economy and the earth. Nonetheless, without the contribution of the various enormous polluters, it might be normal that these ideas will miss the mark. End The assembly of lawful, political and moral discussions concerning the earth, the rise of perspectives that reinforce basic entitlements activism and the puzzles about whether a situation ethic is something new or just an expansion or change of existing moral hypotheses are consistently uncovered in more extensive political and social developments. In view of the developing worry for the earth and the outcome that human activities bring upon nature, it is clear that the field of ecological morals will be much increasingly crucial in times to come. All things considered, in spite of these changes brought about by different ways of thinking, each one should irreplaceably recall the essential principle that ecological activities are moral when it will in general shield the magnificence, solidness, and honesty of the natural network and it is unscrupulous when it tends something else. References Frechette, K. S. (n. d. ). Moral Issues in Environmental and Occupational Health. Relationship of Schools of Public Health. Recovered May 7, 2009, from http://www.asph. organization/UserFiles/Module7. pdf McLean, M. R. (2008). The Future of Food: An Introduction to the Ethical Issues in Genetically Modified Foods. Santa Clause Clara University. Recovered May 8, 2009, from http://www. scu. edu/morals/rehearsing/focusareas/clinical/gathering/introductions/hereditarily changed nourishments. html Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2008, January 3). Ecological Ethics. Recovered May 7, 2009, from http://plato. stanford. edu/sections/morals

Promoting effective communication Essay

There are various elements to think about while advancing compelling correspondence. When utilizing verbal correspondence with patients it is critical to talk seeing them, talking gradually and plainly and utilizing basic language,. Note that when working with patients with learning inabilities we have ensured they have comprehended what I have said. When talking with partners or experts the language I use can be progressively unpredictable and frequently I will talk quicker anyway most factors continue as before, it is as yet significant that data given verbally is clear and succinct. A case of this is the point at which this is the point at which I have coached new staff I ensure I talk over everything gradually and plainly and I additionally get then to rehash a portion of that data back to show they have comprehended. Verbally imparting along these lines will vary dependant on climate I am chatting on a balanced premise or to a gathering. On the off chance that I am conversing with a gathering I should make sure to address everybody and not prohibit anybody. When utilizing non-verbal correspondence there are a wide range of elements to consider. For instance, on the off chance that I am slummed in a seat, it might show that I am not keen on the discussion. Eye to eye connection is additionally significant as this can show that I am occupied with the discussion, different interesting points would be hand motions, non-verbal communication and outward appearances, for instance, in the event that I grimace or have my arms collapsed I may give a negative impression. At last it is essential to recollect that for powerful correspondence to occur it includes the two gatherings to be locked in. Having the option to listen well is essential in a two manner discussions.

Sorry you didnt meet me (

Sorry you didn’t meet me ( During the Meet the Bloggers party on friday, I sent the following email to Ben Jones: - Date: Fri, 13 Apr 2007 21:03:56 -0400 (EDT) Subject: is there a meetthebloggers party and am i invited? -lulu - It turns out I was invited. Sorry I got confused. Its not too late though, to meet me, that is. You know where I live. Here a special shoutout to my homegirl Jessica. She was my prefrosh hostee for an overnight when I was a wee freshman and now shes all grown up and class of 2011 and everything :) aww I didnt get a prefrosh this CPW. I also didnt get to be Tim the Beaver, which cut me pretty deep. I havent updated in a while. What have I been up to? For one, I went to West Virginia. I know, I know, WHY? Well, because Cambridge was doing this: But also because: and and Me n my travel buddy: Also, I Got to learn how to drive stick-shift: Got to stand next to some big huge telescopes. Sometimes, nature does some strange things. You think you know, but one day it was thunderstorming and the lightning hit the little pine tree on the side of the road instead of the big huge telescope next to it. Did you know? The National Radio Astronomy Observatory in Green Bank, WV is located in the nations only radio-quiet zone that spans approximately 15,000 square miles in area. (fact check!: 13,000 sq miles. source: Wikipedia) In addition, I Rode around in a convertible: Also saw some huge windmills: And more! But youd have to be in my writing class to know the rest. In other news, Ive been running around like a maniac, made two overnight trips to Connecticut in the same week because the US Government made me. The end result: IM A CITIZEN! Yeah go me, and good thing, too, since Ill be working at NASA this summer building a satellite. PAID INTERNSHIP. Because I dont think its top secret, Ill talk about it a little. Its called the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), hopefully the lowest budget useful gadget well ever send into space. The launch is *hopeful* for 2009 2010 but one never knows. It will look for extrasolar planets (transiting planets- that cross in front of their host stars). The project is very ambitious for a 2 million dollar budget. Oh yeah and the project hasnt officially begun yet, which is really cool for me, maybe Ill play a minutely important role in the whole thing and see it go up when I graduate from MIT. Anyways Im really excited about that and on that matter I think Ill put in a plug for MIT: Look, go anywhere you want, but KNOW, that if you come here, youre guaranteed some pretty cool connections. I have to say Ive had generally great experiences with the professors and administration here. I dropped Aero/Astro and switched to Physics (which was, by the way, as simple as filling out a half-page form), but still go in and talk to my advisor from Aero/Astro (Prof. Wes Harris) about career plans and classes and things like that. A major in Course 16 has tons of requirements but if you want to build some kind of curriculum for yourself, its actually extremely flexible and allows you to petition out of many basic courses into the more advanced ones. Course 16 admins still send me emails about internship opportunities that open up (how I heard about this one), and I still have card access to the labs and lounges! (though that might be accidental) and UROPS! If I didnt get this particular job, I would have gone with the science team working on the MWA (Mileura Widefield Array, I believe) to Australia to help them assemble the radio telescope array. As a UROP student. Which, yes, at this point Im just bragging but LOOK AT THE COOL THINGS YOU GET TO DO! And Im just a dumb sophomore with okay grades and very limited experience. This internship is in California, so Ill be on the west coast for all the summer. But I wont be alone, there are 3 or 4 other students in Aero/Astro going out to this NASA facility (working on different projects, of course) and a couple of physics kids that I know. I cant think of anything else to talk about right now. Oh, the ring delivery is this thursday. Thats pretty cool I should have some pictures. And also, hope you had a good time at CPW. But remember, CPW might be fun, but keep in mind, Orientation is EVEN MORE FUN! p.s. I took a picture of a dog holding a whole sandwich in his mouth (this was in WV): I havent seen anything like that before or since. Good! Yay, pick a college. Do it quickly. Dont make a fuss. Sincerely, Lulu

Technology Is Taking Over - 860 Words

Technology is Taking Over? In this modern time many of us have lost touch with the outer world due to being so connect to precious technology. Many of us are looking or working on a computer or cell phone screen. Every college class has college students working behind a computer screen even thought it may not be work that they are doing. Work is also a place where one is suck back into technology, even in a warehouse you will see a computer used. With all the advance technology being release more and more people are getting the latest technology while given away their whole life to the technology. People are becoming so connect to their technology that they become socially odd. College students are among the main demographic for new and latest technology and with that many of the college miss use the purpose of technology. Many college students have laptops but how many of them are using their laptops for work in the class room? The reason for the cause of this â€Å"â€Å"negative effects of stressful life events† (Pearlin, 1989). â€Å"Because they are more socially isolated, college students tend to rely on technology to obtain social support† (LaRose, Eastin, Gregg, 2001)† The short answer is that no very many since most of them are just on Facebook or any other social media. For them to on these social network they missing out in important information from the classroom. There are also many other students that are actually using their laptops for their education but just theShow MoreRelatedTechnology : Taking Over Education969 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology: Taking Over Education What does having a career in education mean? What does being a teacher who will always impact the students’ lives that she comes in contact with mean? Going into the education field, one has to have a lot of tricks up their sleeve to keep students involved and engaged. Tricks such as animated voices, interesting books, and fun online games. For example, in classes today teachers by themselves will only have a child s attention for all of 10 minutes before theyRead MoreTechnology Is Taking Over The World ! Technology2107 Words   |  9 Pagesthis rate technology is taking over the world! Technology in education has grown at a rapid pace over the years. Through these years many obstacles have been overcome, but many more still lay ahead. People today use technology on an everyday basis from the time they wake up to the time they go to sleep, but the question of whether technology is positive for the students is still an ongoing debate in today’s society. There are so man y things to gain from integrating the use of technology into the classroomRead MoreTechnology Taking Over Old School625 Words   |  3 PagesWill technology takeover old-schooled ways of learning? As you may have noticed over the course of years, technology is becoming more and more advanced because the demand for new products is at an all-time high. As fellow user of all things technological in the world, I couldn’t be happier with all the new gadgets that will be coming out in the future. Some features that came along with new smartphones and iPads is now you can watch your favorite television shows whenever you want without actuallyRead More Technology taking over Parenting Essay938 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology in the world today is becoming more advanced than ever. Parenting is being made easier and harder for some families because of the new technology. Some families do not have the money for the new additions to the technological world and other families have everything they have ever imagined. Amitai Etzioni is a professor at George Washington University. He has written nineteen books including the article â€Å"High-Tech Parenting.† It appeared in Th e American Enterprise in January of 1998. Read MoreTechnology Is Taking Over People s Lives967 Words   |  4 Pageswas checked before reading this. It goes to show; technology is taking over people’s lives because everywhere someone goes technology exists. However, technology acts as a basic necessity for this generation because every question, game, or conversation happens at his or her disposal. But with the emergence of social media, people swarm Facebook or Instagram posting explicit photos or ridiculing others in order to achieve self-confidence. Technology has provided the misguided confidence society hasRead MoreTechnology is Taking Over and Replacing Humans Essays1049 Words   |  5 Pagesrobots are taking over and planning to destroy humanity as it currently stands. They’re smarter, faster, and stronger making them superior to humans in every way. 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King Surname Meaning and Origin

King generally comes from the Old English cyning, originally meaning tribal leader. This nickname was commonly bestowed on a man who carried himself like royalty, or who played the part of the king in a medieval pageant. Occasionally, the King surname was used by a man who served in a royal household. King is the 35th most popular surname in the United States and the 36th most common surname in England. Surname Origin: English Alternate Surname Spellings: KINGE Famous People with the KING Surname: Dr. Martin Luther King - American civil rights leaderStephen King - popular American author, best known for his horror booksB.B. King - American blues guitar legend Genealogy Resources for the Surname KING: 100 Most Common U.S. Surnames Their MeaningsSmith, Johnson, Williams, Jones, Brown... Are you one of the millions of Americans sporting one of these top 100 common last names from the 2000 census? King Genealogy of Colonial VirginiaA Web site dedicated to using DNA to prove/disprove that the parents of Thomas King (1714-1798) of Louisa County, Va. were William Alfred King (1685-1779) and Sophia Burgess of Stafford County, Va. King Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the King surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own King query. FamilySearch - KING GenealogyFind records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the King surname and its variations. KING Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the King surname. Cousin Connect - KING Genealogy QueriesRead or post genealogy queries for the surname King, and sign up for free notification when new King queries are added. DistantCousin.com - KING Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name King. ----------------------- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Organizational behaviour assignment Free Essays

string(64) " SABA should already formed partnership with private companies\." The introductory chapters describes things such the forces within SABA management environment and their impact in either influence positively or negatively the SABA, as well as the factors that influence their organizational structures and the resistance resented by some employees about the impact of the turnaround strategy. In addition, in the final part of the article, an overview of what methods must be made available to maintain the values and norms of its early culture and how their senior leadership should use their influence over the employees in a bid to successfully lead the organization in their glory days, it is presented. Paging 2 Question 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational behaviour assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The SABA s management environment was suffocating at the time of writing the extract. Identify the forces within SABA management environment, and comprehensively discuss the impact of such forces in influencing the success or allure of the SABA. If there is anything that is stead fast and unchanging, it is change itself. Change is inevitable, and those organizations who do not keep up with change will become instable, with longtime survivability in question. There are things, events, or situations that occur that affect the way that business operates, either in a positive or a negative way. These things, events, or situations that occur that affect a business in either a positive or negative way are called Driving Forces or Environment Factors . There are two kind of driving forces: a) Internal driving forces are those things, vents, or situations that occur inside the organization, and are generally under the control of the company; and b) External driving forces are those things, events, or situations that occur outside of the organization and are by, and large beyond out of the control of the company. For the definitions above we can see that SABA management environment was facing both the Internal and External forces, which unfortunately their top management did not have any control over them, but yet they could respond and adapt to their opportunities and treats. From now on, I will discuss the impact of such forces in either success or failure of SABA. Ã'‘ Impact of the internal driving forces. SABA management environment was largely criticized among the other things, for mismanagement, corruption and nepotism, lacking long-lasting top leadership, drop in the quality of news and documentaries, heavy staff base and too few local productions. In short, there is rising discontent that very little has been materialized of the vision for public service broadcasting. Ã'‘ Impact of the external driving forces. Out of the control of their top management, SABA management environment was facing the impact either positively or negatively of the following external driving ores. A) Economic Forces. Economic forces may well influence for the success of an organization in the sense that low level of unemployment and falling interest rates for example, may give people more money to spend and as result, organizations such SABA can sell more goods and services. Good Organizational Behavior Paging 3 economic times can affect positively the organization because supply of resources becomes easier or more inexpensive to be acquired, and with that SABA can be able to respond effectively in terms of their customers demand, and the organizations have a big opportunity to flourish. In contrast, damage macroeconomic conditions for example, pose a major threat to them, as they reduce SABA manager s ability to gain access to the resources their organization need to survive and prosper. Poor economic conditions make the environment more complex and manager s Job more difficult and demanding. Organization such SABA often need to reduce the number of their employees, streamline their operations and identify ways to acquire and use resources more efficiently and effectively. B) Technological Forces. They can have a good impact in SABA management environment in the sense that tit the changes in technological advances that it s observed in the last decades, have also spurred technological advances in the SABA. While the most obvious benefit from technology is increase productivity, which can be translated into a lower cost structure for example, there are some other benefits that can help the bottom line of SABA as well. It can improve speed, the ease sharing and storing of information and a decrease of employees error through automation resulting in a reduction in costs and increase in revenue. In the other hand, with technological advances, have greatly increased the competitive nature of the economic business oral. Technological changes can create competitive pressures for broadcasting companies because as the technology advance, so do the desire of the consumers which will demand better and appropriate supplier of goods and services. If SABA deploys a new communication system for example, they will have to pay an extra fee to train employees to use that technology effectively. C) Demographic Forces. Demographics refers to study of people, such their age, sex, marital status, occupation, family size etc. Hough, demography is uncontrollable because managers cannot control the sex, age, marital status in their external environment, but accurate recast future trend and consumption of their organization goods and services. Example: the aging of the population has several implications for the workplace. Most significant are relative decline in the number of young people Joinin g the workforce and an increase in the number of active employees who are postponing retirement beyond the traditional age of 65. These changes suggest that organizations need to find ways to motive older employees and use their skills and knowledge. ) Political and Legal Forces. Political processes shape a nation s laws and the international laws that govern the relationships between nations/organizations. Laws constrain the operations of the organizations and managers and thus create both positive and negative impact in an organization. For example, has been a strong trend toward deregulation of organizations like Organizational Behavior Paging 4 SABA previously controlled and owned by the State. Many analysts described that in order to come up strong again, SABA should already formed partnership with private companies. You read "Organizational behaviour assignment" in category "Papers" Another important political and legal force affecting managers and organizations is the political integration of countries/organizations that has been taking place during past decades. Increasingly, nations and organizations can form political unions that allow free exchange of resources and capital. Beyond the opportunities that international agreements to abolish laws and regulations that restrict and reduce trade between countries and organizations can bring, it also pose a serious threat as they can easily increase competition in task environment for organizations like SABA. To conclude, it s better to remind that there still a lot of forces that can influence either in the success or failure of SABA management environment, but here, I tried to focused on the ones that I think are the most relevant to do so. Figurer . The forces within a management environment) Paging 5 Question 2. The change management team set up by the minister will likely encounter stiff resistance from the majority of the SABA employees for some reasons. Outline the sources of resistance and provide coping mechanism to such resistance. In order to understand the reasons behind the resistance, it is critical to define what is meant by the term resistance. Folder and Garlicky, early researcher on the subject, define resistance to change as employee behavior that seeks to challenge, disrupt, or invert prevailing assumptions, discourses, and power relations . If management does not understand, accept and make effort to work with resistance, it can undermine even the most well intentioned and well conceived change efforts. So, here are some reasons why I think employees may act reluctant or show resistance about the SABA turnaround strategy: a) Fear of Job losses. One of the potential reasons why people may be suspicious and fearful towards a organization s change initiatives, is when they perceive the proposed change as having the potential break the continuity of a work environment and thereby creating a climate of uncertainty and ambiguity. According key informants, some of the objective of the turnaround strategy was the cutting of the wage bill. As a result, most employees were concerned that they might lose their Jobs. B) Negative attitude. Most of the SABA employees seemed to exhibit negative tendencies and attitudes towards the organization s turnaround strategy. The impact has also been felt in terms or lowering employee s morale, disillusionment, fear and anger and the work space was considered not to be conductive for engaging in meaningful work. For example, one employee contacted seemed not have faith in the organization s turnaround strategy as she alleged that it was disjointed and that some of activities ere not well monitored . C) Poor consultation by management. The consultation by the SABA s management towards the employees was not efficient. It seems as if the strategy was planned from and by the top management without any input by the rest of the employees. ) Communication and lack of understanding. The way that you communicate the changes that will occur within an organization can have a significant role in how the turnaround strategy is perceived and understood by the employees. The different communication channels and networks should be employed to communicate the turnaround strategy to employee pending on their levels of unde rstandings. According Paging 6 many employees, some of information about the turnaround strategy was disseminated through e-mails and internet of which not all employees had access. E) Top down decision making. The use of medium such as intranet, posters and flyers by the management did not provide an opportunity of feedback by the employees at the grass root level. For example, one of the employees said: we Just saw posters and other promotional items and stickers in the toilet and some of us were not even sure what they were all about . Ã'‘ Recommendations on how the SABA to management can cope with this aeries presented by the employees: It is therefore recommended that the SABA should invest more money in ensuring that the turnaround strategy is disseminated clearly and comprehensively to all its employees. That is to make sure that all employees are on the same page in as far as understanding the turnaround strategy is concerned. The SABA should also ensure that all communique © about the strategy reaches all the employees at various levels and that the strategy is communicated at the level, and through the channels that will be understood by all employees. It is important that any decision that affect employees working environment should be implemented in partnership with all the employees that are or will be affected. The SABA should afford all its stakeholders particularly the employees full and meaningful participation, that is from the planning phase, implementation phase and monitoring and evaluation phase. After the introduction of the turnaround strategy, the organization s climate was dominated by uncertainty and rumors of Job losses, which could have been averted by engagement processes by the SABA. This implies that the organization ought to create a climate of trust between itself and its stakeholders. There is need for accountability and transparency and a climate of climate of trust needs to be re- established. In view of these findings the researcher recommends that the SABA should not overlook the positive contribution that its employees can make, but also strike a balance between the needs of the organization and that of its employees. Paging 7 Question 3 A number of factors have a considerable influence on the choice of the organizational structure and designing the SABA structure remains a thorny issue for top management. With regards to these assertions, identify these factors and impressively discuss how each factor can influence the design of SABA s organizational structure. Designing an organizational structure is not a simple task for everyone, especially for big organizations such SABA. Managers design organizational structure to fit the factors or circumstances that are affecting the company the most and causing the most uncertainty. The challenge that the top management of SABA will face is to design a structure that (a) motivate managers and employees to work hard and to develop supportive Job behaviors and attitudes; and (b) coordinate the action of employees, groups, functions and divisions to ensure they work together effectively and efficiently. Thus, for the problems that SABA s top management was facing, the factors that they should look for to design their organizational structure are as follows: v Organizational size. The larger an organization becomes, the more complicated it s his structure. Running a broadcasting company like SABA it s not simple as running a small organization that may not even require a formal structure, as their individuals simply perform tasks based on their likes, dislikes, ability and/or need. For large organizations, it becomes increasingly difficult to manage without more formal work assignments and some delegation of authority. Therefore, large organizations as SABA must develop formal structures, with tasks being highly specialized and detailed rules and guidelines must dictate work procedures. Inter- organizational communication must flow primarily from superior to subordinate, and hierarchical relationships must serve as foundation for authority, responsibility and control. The type of structure that develops will be one that provides the organization with the ability to operate effectively. That is one reason large companies are often mechanistic mechanistic systems are usually designed to maximize specialization and improve efficiency. V Strategy. From the article we saw that SABA was struggling with problems such increased competition, unsuccessful methods to survive, change in ownership regulation and many more. The big problem that time was the incapacity to choose the right means to implement a strategy to cope with those problems. Different strategies often call for the use of different organizational structure and cultures. Let take in consideration increased competition for example: after being the monopoly roads for more than 4 decades, the SABA now has find herself competing with 14 private radio stations, 1 free-to-air private national terrestrial television channel, e-TV and melancholic. Paging 8 After find themselves in that condition, they should choose how they could position they self in the market in terms of its goods and services. They should focus on strategies that require a structure that helps the organization face the competition or its objectives. In other words, they should adopt a structure that must fit the strategy. Maybe for example, they ought to decide to be always the first on the market with the sweets and best goods and service (differentiation strategy) or it may decide that should produce a product already on the market more efficiently and more cost effectively (cost-leadership strategy). Strategy is how an organization is going to position itself in the market in terms of its goods and services. Many companies have been divesting business because managers have been unable to create a competitive advantage to keep them up to speed in fast-changing industries. They need to design a flexible structure to provide sufficient coordination among the different business vision, doing that, managers gain more control over their different business. V The environment. The environment is the world in which the organization operates and includes conditions such as economic, socio-cultural, legal political, technological and natural environment conditions which can easily influence the organization. Environments are often described as either stable or dynamic. By the criticism imposed on the SABA, I can conclude that they are operating in a more dynamic/flexible environment, where customer desires are continuously changing and are being difficult to solve. SABA is dealing with an external environment changing quickly and with that, the greater is the uncertainty within it and greater are the problems their top management face trying to gain access to scarce resources. In this case, to speed decision making and communication and make it easier to obtain resources, their top management should typically make organizing choices that result in more flexible structures and entrepreneurial cultures. They must likely decentralized authority, empower lower-level employees to make important operating decisions and encourage values and norms that emphasize change and innovation a more organic arm of organization. V Technology. As Van Sly (2002:3) observes: The most powerful and technologically advanced public broadcaster in Africa was condemned by the very constituency that brought into being . SABA one of the most powerful and technological advanced public Broadcasting Corporation in Africa, even so, its criticized among other things, for drop in the quality of news and documentaries and too few local productions. How can such powerful and technological broadcasting organization facing all this problems? The more complicated the technology that an organization uses, the more difficult it s to regulate or control it because more unexpected events can arise. Organizational Behavior Paging 9 One of the major targets on the turnaround strategy is to finally ensure the launch of digital terrestrial television (TTT). With all these revolution in mind, the SABA top management must come up with a strong and capable flexible structure and progressive culture to enhance managers and their subordinate s abilities to respond to unexpected situations and give them freedom and desire to work out new solutions to the problems they encounter. In order to create competitive advantage of genealogy, technological tasks must be accomplished using tools, equipment, techniques, and human know-how. V Human resource. A final important factor affecting an organization s choice of structure and culture is the characteristics of human resource it employs. SABA was characterized by lacking long-lasting top leadership, corruption and nepotism, mismanagement, weak and inappropriately skilled and experienced executive management. It is possible to see that is was far behind all expectations that is expected from a large company as SABA. To cope with this problems, when designing organizational structure and culture, heir top management must pay close attention to the needs and kinds of the workforce that they employs and to the complexity and kind of work that employees perform. (Figurer. Factors that influence the design of an organizational structure) Paging 10 Question 4 The founders of the organization have a major impact on the early culture of the organization. Critically discuss the various ways through which the SABA can maintain culture. An organizational culture, particularly during its early years is inevitably tied to the personality, background, and values of its founder or founders, as well as their vision or the future of the organization. Many organizations as well as SABA start out with exciting ideas and concepts, but as they grow, they can lose that culture that made them successful or they can continue growing and keep that culture they created. What separates one type of organization from the other? One of the key factors to keep business culture is to define the culture you want to create from the beginning, and integrate it into how you hire people, how you treat employees, the type of customer service you provide, and the general environment of your organization. So, unfortunately, nowadays SABA does to incorporate all these factors effectively as we saw that they are far for hiring the best and the most capable to perform the tasks, do not motivate the employees, they are far as ever from keeping happy their customers by providing a quality customer service and are operating in a very turbulent organizational environment. The only ways that SABA can recover and maintain its culture or to ensure that its own culture lasts through growth and change, they should adopt the following steps: v Define the culture and how it is different from the other concepts. The core values that the menders instilled in the organization should remain the same and separate from other ideas, and of course, should be observed in the current company s devotion to work and in achieve the goals proposed by the founders. Develop a strategy plan for implementing that culture. SABA must create a systematic process of envisioning that culture, and translating this vision into broadly defined goals or objectives and a sequence of steps to achieve them. V Implementation of the culture. SABA senior management must implement that culture in all they do, including hiring, compensation, rewards and incentives creating the environment, marketing etc. V Make sure employees at all levels know what the culture is and that they buy into it. First of all, be aware of that all employees clearly understood how the top management of SABA want the organization to be running , what kind of values and norms they seek. Make all of them understand the SABA founder s basic principles. In other words, their subordinates must clear understand what is waiting for and what is expecting from them, and Organizational Behavior Paging 11 must know how to actually do the old behaviors, once they have already been defined and/or established. How to cite Organizational behaviour assignment, Papers

COMPASSION FOR THE SOULS WHO INHABIT HELL Essay Example For Students

COMPASSION FOR THE SOULS WHO INHABIT HELL Essay Dantes Inferno is a 14th- century poem that seems calculated to cause the greatest possible pain to a 20th-century humanist, or to anyone who is attracted to Christianity because of its compassion and belief in the possibility of redemption. The God of the Inferno has precious little compassion and no forgiveness. He was the God who not only turned a blind eye to Belsen, but also exercised great ingenuity in constructing His own blood-chilling concentration camp, where sinners should suffer, not only during their brief lives, but for all eternity. What is particular about Dantes God is that He consigns sinners to their particular circle in Hell according to an immutable tariff of offences. No attention is paid to mitigating circumstances, or the idea of doing justice to the individual soul before the Divine Court. Hell, in short, was made on exactly the lines that the present Home Secretary would wish to impose on our present sentencing system. How do we reconcile the enjoyment of a great poem with what must seem, to many of us today, a repellent theology? Ulysses may best capture our own views in his speech to his sailors. He celebrates the dignity of man and says: You were not bornto live as a mere brute does/ But for the pursuit of knowledge and the good. But such sensible humanism is, apparently, no better than the excuses of the gluttons and the adulterers. Ulysses is condemned as a thief and must suffer in Hell. In an admirable Preface to Robert Pinskys translation, John Freccero deals with past attempts to enjoy the poem without revulsion. Coleridge advised us to ;suspend disbelief; and enjoy the poetry without accepting the theology. Erich Auerbach suggested we separate ;Dantes didactic intent from his power of representation, and held that the reality of the condemned characters overwhelmed their allegorical meaning. Perhaps we should simply remember how Dante suffered from the ruthless power-seeking and political intrigue in Florence and take Hell as an accurate picture of politics today. George Steiner, the distinguished critic and polymath, has suggested in his book In Bluebeards Castle that the Holocaust is the Christian idea of hell made real and that the most knowledgeable guide to the camps is actually Dante. Robert Pinsky, the recently appointed poet laureate of the United States, was asked to comment on this notion in an interview in The Forward that marked the publication of the poets acclaimed translation of Dantes Inferno. ;In magnitude, in challenge to the imagination, in degree of horror, in terrifying questions it raises, thats an appropriate analogy. But we must never forget the defect of the analogy. Souls are assigned in the Inferno according to a system of justice; souls were assigned in the camps according to a system of injustice. Of all the concentration camps in the Nazis vast empire, the one that perhaps most clearly resembled Dantes Hell was Dora, the underground camp composed of a series of massive tunnels actually built into the side of a mountain, where the V-1 and V-2 rockets were manufactured through the most horrific use of slave labor in all of the Reich. There were many Jews among them, but the prisoners represented a cross- section of all the nationalities and religions in Europe. In these camps sadism exercised without constraint. The prisoners were exposed to extremes of suffering, constant physical misery and sickness, all of it aggravated by a starvation diet. There was a conspicuous gallows where inmates were hanged, usually for suspected sabotaging of the missile parts, but often just for the sport of the SS men. The other inmates were forced to watch these especially brutal executions. If an inmate managed to survive the starvation diet, the accidents with machinery or the hangmans noose, there were still sadistic SS men waiting in the shadows. ;Ironface; was one of the most dreaded of these murderers, an individual said to be able to kill even a healthy man with a single well-placed blow of his club. More people were killed making rockets than by the rockets themselves. This was established in London. Environmentsl Sys Essay Less than 5,000 people were killed and 4,000 were injured. More than 20,000 died in Dora. Dante inferno poem is the .

Amazon Self-Publishing How to Publish on Amazon Step-by-Step

Amazon Self-Publishing How to Publish on Amazon Step-by-Step Amazon Self-Publishing: How to Publish on Amazon Step-by-Step Amazon self-publishing is on the rise. With it being the #1 retailer for books worldwide, that makes sense.But if you wind up making some errors in publishing on Amazonlets just say your results as an author will be less than satisfactory.After all, the self-publishing industry is pretty sensitive to those making mistakes.But Amazon self-publishing is the best option to self-publish and weve made it even easier for you with this guide for  doing it with Kindle Direct Publishing.You no longer need to go through painstaking efforts to land a book deal which locks you into unrealistic deadlines and cuts you out of most of the earnings.You can now have complete control of your book and its revenues by Amazon self-publishing.But many writers get overwhelmed by the abundance of information about self-publishing. It can be intimidating for first-time publishers. We get it we were just like you!So to ease some anxiety and uncertainty, we created this step-by-step comprehensive self-publ ishing guide for you to follow in order to get your book published on Amazon’s Kindle Direct Publishing Network.Here is your full guide for Amazon Self-Publishing:Creating a Kindle Direct Publishing AccountCrafting Your Book Title SubtitleWriting Your Book DescriptionChoosing the Right KeywordsSelecting the Right CategoriesUploading Your ManuscriptCreating a Book CoverPricing Your BookLet’s get started!NOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing process broken down with videos in our VIP Self-Publishing Program.If you are ready to publish your book NOW then make sure to check out our comprehensive, step-by-step guide to becoming a bestseller. Learn more about it hereAmazon Self-Publishing Why its the Best OptionTraditional publishing is on the way out. This has been the reality for some time now and for good reason.While traditional publishing had its time and was once theonly option for publishing a book, th e system in place right now is one made for the next Stephen Kings not for those who have value to share with the world.Why Amazon Self-Publishing is the Best OptionThough traditional publishing is still a viable option for some, Amazon self-publishing is the best option and heres why:Over 70% of books are sold on Amazon310 million book buyers through Amazon last yearThose buyers accounted for over $178billion in salesIts easier and faster with Amazon self-publishingThere are major differences between traditional vs self-publishing with the majority of authors opting to take their talents to Amazon instead of through one of the Big 5 publishing houses.And you should too. What is Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP)?Throughout this guide, youll read the term Kindle Direct Publishing or KDP. It might sound self-explanatory but well cover some basics.This is an Amazon self-publishing platform that allows you to create and manage your Kindle eBook, paperback, and even audiobooks in a single place. It’s widely used to build books from the ground up.And fortunately, setting up your KDP account is easy, and should be the first step you complete.Your Guide for Amazon Self-PublishingSure, anyone can technically self-publish on Amazon, but that doesnt mean it will do well and actually sell. You have to know the specifics, from setting up your KDP account to the pricing of your book.If done correctly, you can expect a successful launch and a substantial amount of passive income. Here are our steps for Amazon self-publishing.#1 Create a Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP) AccountBefore you can start with Amazon publishing, you first have to have an account set up with them.Heres how to set up your Kindle Direct Publishing account:Go to https://kdp.amazon.com and register with either your Amazon account or with your email address.Next, click â€Å"Update† in your account information and fill in your tax information. It’s important to note that you need to compl ete your tax information BEFORE you can publish your first book. So don’t skip this step!Once your tax information is complete, click â€Å"Finished† and return to the main page.Your profile is complete!With your KDP account setup, proceed to setting up the details of your book, as seen in the areas below.#2 Choose a Book Title and SubtitleIn your Kindle Direct Publishing profile, you need to fill in the title and subtitle of your book. While a subtitle is optional, having a good subtitle is something you should definitely consider to bring in more views and create stronger intrigue and help people find your book when searching.Here are a couple tips to crafting a great book title:Use a Book Hook: Your book hook should speak to the reader in a unique voice that grabs their attention and feeds into what they are looking for.List the Benefits: Your potential readers want to know what they will get from reading your book. One technique is to deliver the benefits in the s ubtitle, providing enough tantalizing information to further attract readers.Think about what you would be attracted to in a book title. Keep it simple, clear, and unique. Research the title you want to use and make sure it hasnt been scooped up by a high-performing book already.You dont want to make competition for yourself.#3 Write Your Book Description for AmazonYou need a powerful book description in order for potential buyers to read what its about. Even though the cover and subtitle should do a great job of this, we all want more information when it comes to putting money toward something.Here’s what people notice first when seeing a new book:TitleCoverBook DescriptionA book description is essentially a short written narrative that illustrates what your book is about. It should be written like a sales page to capture the interest of your reader.This is crucial because the description, in many cases, is the final factor that determines whether the reader will read your book or not. That, and great Amazon reviews.When done correctly, a well-written book description can practically sell a book on its own.Here are some strategies to help craft your perfect description:Make your first sentence as enticing as possibleWrite your description like a sales page or advertisement, not a dry summary of your bookHave the description feel personal and empatheticDetail the benefits your reader will gain by reading your bookHeres a great example of a full book description on Amazon:You can find more amazing description examples with these books:Champion Mindset: Tactics to Maximize Potential, Execute Effectively, Perform at Your Peak – Knockout Mediocrity!By Patrick KingNovice to Expert: 6 Steps to Learn Anything, Increase Your Knowledge, and Master New Skills by S.J. ScottSpend some time crafting your eye-catching book description. It will make your book stand out to your readers and motivate them to purchase your book.For the best results, we recommend using the Free Amazon Book Description generator at kindlepreneur.com#4 Choose Your Amazon KeywordsIf you want your book to show up in Amazon and Google search engines, you’ll need the right mix of keywords. Since Amazon allows only seven keywords per book, keyword selection requires strategy.But whatare keywords exactly?Keywords are specific words or phrases used to describe your book. If someone was looking for a book on your topic, they might type one of those keywords into Amazon or Google in order to find it.For example, if your book is about perseverance, you might find keywords like this useful:how to have perseverancewhat is perseveranceperseverance examplesperseveringpersevering when its hardThese are all phrases or words people looking to better themselves with perseverance would type into search engines in order to find what theyre looking for, like in the image below.You can research the right keyword phrases by using search tools such as:KDP Rocket: This is a gr eat tool for comparing Google search results to Amazon. It gives you a competitive score from 1-99, keyword results from both Google and Amazon, and how much money other books are making.KW Finder: This tool gives an analytical view of the keyword popularity using a competitive ranking. You can search for five keywords for free per day.Amazon’s Autofill Function: Take advantage of Amazon’s search box to find good keywords. Amazon’s suggestions are based on search history so you want to search for words that are high in demand with little competition.Make a list of possible keywords for your book, then leverage the tools above to test your keywords. Putting in the time to get keywords right will have your book rank higher and appear more frequently to readers.#5 Select Your Amazon CategoriesAmazon provides a collection of categories and subcategories to choose from. Like keyword selecting, your goal is to look for trending areas that don’t have tons of co mpetition.If you visit your book page, these categories will appear partway down the page, displaying the rank like in the image example below.These categories are what you will rank as a bestseller in, which is why you want to make sure you pick fitting categories that are specific, but also not super competitive. You want to stand out.You can also check the rankings of the top three books on the first page of each category.Amazon sales ranking measures how well a product is selling compared to its competitors. All books that are ranked 2,000 or less are considered to be highly purchased products in that particular category.Here are a few tips when publishing on Amazon in order to rank in more categories:Research your competitors keywordsChoose trending categories with lower competitionAcquire additional categories by contacting Amazon and asking for keyword placementUnless you have an established audience with significant downloads and reviews, try to aim for categories with books that rank between 10,000-30,000.Do you want to know how to rank for ten categories? Check out our blog post that detailshow to get approved for more categories on Amazon.#6 Upload Your Manuscript to AmazonTo upload your manuscript, it first must be saved in a supported kindle format.Heres how to upload your book to Amazon:In your Kindle Direct Publishing account, go to â€Å"Your Bookshelf†.Locate and click on â€Å"Kindle eBook Actions† next to the title of yourbook.Locate and click on Edit eBook Content†.Click on â€Å"Upload eBook manuscript†.Upload your manuscript file on your computer.Upload complete!Once Amazon finishes uploading your file, a confirmation message will be sent and you can preview the uploaded file to check for any errors.You can upload the manuscript as many times as you want and the new version will override the existing.It’s important to check how your book looks using the â€Å"Look Inside† feature once the book is live on Amazon. This feature is often the first thing your prospective readers will click on when checking out your book.If the formatting is off here, it can deter readers from picking up your book. Take this extra step to make sure your formatting looks good here too.#7 Create Your Book CoverWhen it comes to publishing a successful book on Amazon, having a perfect book cover design is one of the most important aspects to get right. Contrary to what we were told growing up, people do, in fact, judge a book by its cover. Its actually one of the biggest deterrents.Your cover is exactly how your book will be judged at first glance.So you must make sure that it is created professionally and that it will stand apart from the rest of the books in your genre or category.You can find cover creators on freelancing sites such as:99 DesignsHappy Self Publishing100 CoversPrices will depend on the level of service, but these sites will give you plenty of amazing graphic designers to choose fro m! It’s a great investment that will make your book stand out perfectly.If youre a Self-Publishing School student, we will actually provide a list of qualified, trusted book cover designers you can work with in order to get a worthy cover.Make sure to do your research regarding what type of book cover does best in your genre. Fantasy books, for example, will be a lot different than a memoir or even a historical fiction.#8 Price Your BookA question often asked is: â€Å"How much should I be pricing my book at after the initial launch is over?†This is up to the author, but generally, the best range to have your book priced is between $2.99 to $9.99.The royalty payments vary depending on the country, but you can learn more on KDP Select pricing page.One popular strategy for beginners is to price your book at $2.99 and gradually increase it by $1 per week. At some point, your sales will begin to dip. And while that’s normally a negative statistic, for this case, it confidently tells you the perfect price of your book that guarantees a profit.Here are the 4 main pricing strategies to consider in order to be competitive and sell books:Know the price of your competitors. Compare the list price of your book to the books around you and determine if you would be able to sell your book for a higher price.Know the size of your followers. Famous authors can charge a lot for their books because they have a big following. If you’re not in this category, your book should be priced lower to encourage new readers to buy your work.Determine price based on the size of your book. Size does matter when it comes to books. Don’t charge $20 for a 75-page book. Customers will immediately be turned off with the lack of content at that price point.Measure price based on reviews. Reviews carry a big weight on influence, and is social proof that your book has been read and well received. Therefore, a book with higher reviews (1000+ reviews) can be priced higher compared to a book with fewer reviews (30+ reviews).You can get legitimate and honest reviews from:Your personal launch teamAmazon’s top reviewersFans of your social media pagePersonal email listAdding a note to leave a review in your bookExperiment with these strategies to pinpoint the price for your book, it will drive long-term success.Your Next Steps for Amazon Self-PublishingIf you want to become a self-published author, you must be fluent with platforms such as Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing and more. For that reason, you must take actionnow because you can never have too much knowledge when it comes to self-publishing your book.#1 Utilize your FREE training!Thats right. We have some free training all ready to go for you. Chandler Bolt put together this video training guide that will help you learn what it takes to go from blank page to self-published author in as little as 90 days!

Modernism In Photography †Art Essay

Modernism In Photography – Art Essay Free Online Research Papers Modernism In Photography Art Essay Edward Weston’s creative philosophy seems to be about internalising the camera process so that what the artist envisions and what the camera produces are as closely aligned as possible. Unlike pictorialists who personalise the photos after they are taken by applying craft and classically ‘artistic’ effects, Weston in a sense melds the man and machine into one – he talks of â€Å"seeing photographically† – learning to see the subject matter in terms of the tools and processes of the medium, and then use it to portray his personal, subjective view. As such, the photo doesn’t need to be touched up or changed, because it is in itself a faithful representation of the artist’s vision – trying to minimise the discrepancy between the creative idea and its manifestation. So he uses the camera to distil the subject into its basic materiality – black and white gradations, crisp detail, formalistic patterning, flattening of the perspectival plane, concentration on surface – in both the convolutions and detail of the subject, and the glossy surface of the photo, as in Pepper, 1930. This reflects a Modernist, Materialist idea that the ‘essence’ of the subject, its ‘eternal’, ‘universal’ qualities can be accessed through an accurate, sensitive rendering / recording of its features. Research Papers on Modernism In Photography - Art EssayThree Concepts of PsychodynamicHip-Hop is ArtIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementWhere Wild and West MeetComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoMind TravelTrailblazing by Eric AndersonUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresHonest Iagos Truth through Deception

Expression of power in art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Expression of power in art - Essay Example A great deal of information about the Egyptian culture and religion can be gained from the pyramids. The most obvious function of the pyramids was to serve as funerary complexes for the pharaohs whose bodies were preserved and kept here with the provisions needed for their afterlife. The pyramids served as the ceremonial cites and places of worship where the people worship the deceased king as God. In the Egyptian culture since the king was considered God, the line between politics and religion was very thin. Pharaohs used the beliefs of the people on their godhood to command unquestioned obedience and authority. The Stepped Pyramid and mortuary precinct of Djoser, Saqqara, Egypt, was built between 2630-2611 BCE. The shape of the pyramid with the slopes on the four sides protruding inward into structures that are raised toward the highest point representing the Pharaoh, also shows how pharaohs were deified. These pyramids give us an understanding of the political and cultural structu re of the kingdoms where the pharaoh was the single authority over the people and the affairs of the kingdom. The religion of the Egyptians centered on sun worship and their preoccupation with death and afterlife. Numerous symbolisms found in Egyptian art and hieroglyphics found on these pyramids points towards this idea. Egyptian art abounds with symbolism. The pharaoh's regalia symbolize power and his ability to control his environment. Colours also had special significance. While blue represented the river Nile, red represented power and authority and yellow represents the sun. These colors were used to show the pharaohs as all-powerful kings. Roman art and architecture has a lot of value while studying the expression of power and authority through the medium of art. The Romans ruled a vast and diverse group of people of different cultures, languages and dialects. The best means to demonstrate their power to the masses and the other rulers was the use of art. In specific we will discuss the Trajan's column erected between 106 and 113 AD by Roman emperor Trajan. This monument is an overt statement about his conquests and military power. The historical episodes are depicted in a sweeping narrative running around the huge column. Trajan is depicted many times in many different contexts, but his form is always majestic and larger than life. The narrative is the story of his courage, accomplishments and power. One can see very clearly that his images are carved with this purpose in mind. The details of the clothes, armor and shields of both armies are clearly distinguished and Trajan is depicted as the victor in no unclear term s. The fact that the enemies are not stripped of their dignity shows the way Trajan wanted to be portrayed as a good king throughout his empire. The expression of power is part and parcel of most Islamic monuments and forts. The gilt domes of the worship places are symbols of not only the holy place but also the rich kings and patrons who have been instrumental in building them. In a culture in which religion and state functioned together, complementing the growth of each other, it was only natural that their art had both religious and political connotations. The decorations on these buildings comprise a wide array of symbols depicting power. The high and mighty towers with huge gates and winding walls are also an expression of the military and defense might of the rulers. One of the best preserved sites

Assignment2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

Assignment2 - Essay Example It notes various legal backgrounds that recognize the link between culture and natural resources, in addition to citing the role they can play in managing the river as well as the impacts it may have on their lifestyle. Table of Contents Abstract 2 Introduction 4 Discussion 5 Background 5 Ownership concepts surrounding the Waikato river saga 5 Maori’s right to resources 9 Conclusion 10 Introduction The Maori community feels their interest is not catered for in the deal involving Waikato River which they feel they have ownership and guardianship rights to, based on the Treaty of Waitangi claims. This claim has been elicited by the signing of deal between the Crown and Waikato-Tanui. This paper therefore explores the case of struggles surrounding of the Waikato River which lies at the center of tribal identity and the troubles surrounding its ownership and guardianship rights. Through analysis of the competing discourses, the emerging tensions and interpretation issues are discu ssed in depth and on their basis, a conclusion derived. Waikato River is known as being the longest River in New Zealand. It is believed to officially start at Nukuhau close to Taupo Township and through its course it is served by various streams and smaller tributaries (Mataira, 1983). The river runs in the North West direction and goes via several forests and rural settings. Based on the activities surrounding the places it passes, it is currently affected fertilizers originating from farmlands, wastewater from industries and urban settings including those from the turbines at the electro power stations. In general, Waikato River is a vital resource to the communities and organizations surrounding and hence its usage impacts on a broad population. Logically, any issues affecting it must therefore be subject to reaction from those affected. Discussion Background The ownership concept in relation to Waikato River is one which brings together people from different backgrounds and que stions their understanding of both leadership and authority in context of natural resources found within their localities. The level of emotions elicited in the quest to claim of ownership of the river cannot be best described than by the words of ‘Iwi,’ the principal negotiator for Waitangi Treaty who asserted that, â€Å"We don’t need a bloody court document to tell us we own the river, we know we do (Field notes, 2000).† It’s one that no doubt puts to battle, beliefs of a society and the Crown. This is what might be termed as a populist statement in the face of crisis. Nonetheless, it does eliminate the possibility of the communities claim for ownership being true. The concept of ownership as expressed by tribal leaders basically centered on the interests of the community. Ownership concepts surrounding the Waikato river saga Virtually each and every society has its concepts which are considered kin to the western ownership theory. Nonetheless, w hat one culture considers ownership is not the same as what another culture would consider as ownership. In essence, ownership concept differs from one sphere to another. According to Stokes (1994) the ownership of Waikato River within context of land claim by the locals was not a claim for exclusive right of ownership of the River but rather they primarily wanted to participate to the river’s management, within precincts of the Maori values. This view is entrenched in the words of

Core Business Mcdonalds Auckland New Zealand Commerce Essay

Core Business Mcdonalds Auckland New Zealand Commerce Essay While the role of human resources management has been under constant study in recent years, practitioners and academics agree that effective HRM has never been more important than at the present time.The significance of planning and control system is even more noticeable in the context of human resource management because planning and control refers to classic HR administrative functions and the assessment and recognition of human resources requirements for meeting organizational goals. Core Business McDonalds Auckland, New Zealand McDonalds is the worlds leading foodservice retailer, with more than 33,000 local restaurants serving over  64 million people in 119 countries every day. Similarly, McDonalds New Zealand opened its first restaurant in 1976 in Porirua.   Today there are 152 McDonalds restaurants across New Zealand, with around one million people visiting their restaurants every week.   In New Zealand, 80 per cent of McDonalds restaurants are franchised by local business people who own and operate their restaurants as independent businesses (McDonalds Restaurant (NZ) Ltd, 2012). Hence, the serious focus of this report is on planning and control systems of McDonalds HR based on work ethics and social responsibility with an understanding of the external and internal environment. Planning Process Fayols (1949) theory outlines five elements of management that depicts the different types of behaviour managers should engage in so that the goals and objectives of an organization are effectively met. However, the very first element included is planning where, creating a plan of action for future and determining the stages of the plan and technology necessary for implementing. In management theory, there are three basic levels of planning such as top level/strategic, second level/tactical and third level/operational plannings. Strategic planning is done by the top management and it encompasses the long range objectives and policies and is concerned with corporate result rather than sectional objectives. As stated in the beginning of this report that to maintain a competitive advantage, McDonalds top management decided to adopt workforce diversity and developed a HR objective. Therefore, McDonalds HR objective is to further a high performance culture that is supported by their talen ted and engaged people and organizational resources essential for sustaining superior business performance. This is achieved by designing processes, providing tools and transferring knowledge to the leaders required for developing and continuously improving such a culture (Mcdonalds Corporation, 2009). Second level/Tactical planning is done by middle managers and it deals with the development of the resources with the best advantage. Therefore, the middle managers developed a HR strategy to achieve their HR objective. Hence, McDonalds HR strategy for healthy employment experience is to provide a positive employment experience through respectful employment treatment and compliance with labour and employment law to achieve employee commitment. Third level/Operational planning is the concern of the department managers and is confined to put into effect the tactical plans. McDonalds HR team developed well in the first two levels but the third level had problems and created gaps because there was no training or development carried out at this level. The only tool they had was the McDonalds work policy which stated workplace diversity. The actual experiences of employees were discovered through questionnaires and interviews at one of the McDonalds restaurant in Auckland, New Zealand wher e the employees had negative experience of the workplace diversity during their employment. The problem is not visible at the surface level but as you go below that then one will be able to see the real nature of employment experience. Workplace diversity is recognizing many different persons at work, each one with a unique set of uniqueness, talents, gifts, skills, personality traits, physical abilities, background, appearances, thoughts, feelings, beliefs and viewpoints. It is the variety of those differences that make the workplace a diverse place. According to the research conducted, McDonalds restaurant depicts a clear picture of workplace diversity as a problem where, staffs were bullied and ill-treated because they belonged to a different race. Negative and racist comments were given and poor means of communication aroused with situations where employees were getting yelled out or replied rudely with a negative comment in their native language. This resulted as the staffs started doing no shows and looking for a better opportunity elsewhere. HR diversity change strategies that bring in many new hires of different backgrounds may have negative ramifications for social functioning in groups . This situation was created because of poor planning at operational level and nothing much was manifested through the middle managers to the floor managers. Barriers refer to those manageable influences that can typically derail best intentions with regards to group planning process development. There are ten barriers to planning but the two barriers which easily fits in this McDonalds scenario are lack of in-depth analysis and lack of knowledge and skills. Diversity is the inclusion of things, people, and places that are different and there are two level of diversity. Surface level diversity can be defined as differences among group members in overt, biological characteristics that are typically reflected in physical features which include age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Whereas, deep level diversity includes differences among members attitudes, beliefs, and values and information about these factors is communicated through verbal and nonverbal behaviour patterns. McDonalds restaurant and its core basis of workplace diversity problems relates to deep level diversity because they have been ignored either because of lack of in-depth analysi s or lack of knowledge and skills. Negative attitudes and behaviours such as prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination are some barriers to workplace diversity because they can harm working relationships and damage morale and work productivity Control According to Fayol (1949) control is the final element of the management which involves the comparison of the activities of the people to the plan of action and also known as the evacuation component of management. The function of management control includes carrying out the plans necessary for ensuring that the strategies are fulfilled as envisaged. Although planning and control are at times described as separate procedures, both contribute to the management control function.Control ensures that the right things are happening in the right way at the right time. Control cycle or process consists of four main steps such as establish objectives and standards, measure actual performance, compare results with objectives and standards and take corrective actions as needed. Step one establish objectives and standards where output standards are measured by performance result in terms of quantity, quality, cost or time and the input standards are measured as efforts in terms of amount of work expended in the task performance. In the McDonalds scenario the management defined the objectives clearly but less effort was given to the output/input standards because they failed to continuously monitor the diversity at the actual workplace at various locations. Management only adopted workplace diversity, clearly defined it and poor implemented it in the system with no or less communication. Step two measure actual performance is where effective control requires measurement. Goal is accurate measurement of actual results on output and input standards. Hence, McDonalds HR goal is to diversify their workplace through hiring over time to increase productivity and decrease labour turnover cost. But the conducted research shows the opposite of what McDonalds define as their HR strategy or goal. Again the management failed to monitor workplace diversity by not gaining employee feedback. Employee feedback should have parallel established with the adoption of workplace diversity to accomplish the HR strategy and goal. The financial team should have easily identified the problem with workplace diversity with the increased labour turnover cost but because of poor control system the management failed to monitor. Step three compare results with objectives and standards is benchmarking by using different comparison methods. The need for this action reflects the difference between desired performance and the actual performance where historical, relative and engineering comparisons are considered. In this McDonalds scenario no or effort less approach to any monitoring and then comparing and analyzing of situation was conducted. It clearly showed that to gain advantage over their competitors and to stay in line with the current trend McDonalds adopted workplace diversity but no thorough control system was implemented. The management simply assumed that things were moving perfect but ignored the fact that employees hardly raise voices because of job insecurity and the managements lengthy process time. Step four take corrective actions as needed is where taking actions when discrepancies exist between desired and actual performance. Management by exception in gives priority attention to problem a nd opportunity situations showing the greatest need for actions. Hence, the McDonalds research conducted did not show any sort of management involvement in dealing with the workplace diversity problems until it reached to a level where the labour department was involved. Management had no or less interest of employees working environment and it was never analyzed or observed. A quarterly feedback system was implemented where employee can provide their feedback on their working environment but negative feedbacks were very less auctioned. Barriers to the control process can be a lot but some common ones in this scenario are less knowledge, poor communication, poor feedback system, poor monitoring process, poor implementing process which leads to less interests by management or lack of funds available for the process. Recommendations by Planning and Control McDonalds HR team should put due emphasis on three important aspects in order to take control of the situation and plan precautions so that such problems are not repeated in any other restaurant. Revised HR strategies implementing channel Improving leadership qualities Create workplace diversity awareness Revised HR implementing channel will place a central focus on behind the scene of the case study. Most workplaces are made up of diverse cultures therefore; HR needs to plan and learn how to adapt to be successful. HR practices are an important component in the success of organization because effective HR strategies systematically coordinate all individual HR measures and implement them so as to directly influence employee attitude and behaviour in a way that help a business to achieve its operational goal (Wang Shyu, 2008). Baum et al. (2007) explains the issues related to harassment and racism in the workplace could be reduced if appropriate human resource policies and procedures are in place and communicated to all staff (local or migrant) in order to deal with workplace diversity.Therefore, it is very important to revise the HR implementing channel. Wharton (1992) research also supports this his argues that HR practitioners should focus on how HR change strategies relate to the joint alignment of the group members multiple characteristics for example demographics hierarchical status and task in work groups to examine group contextual influences. Once the HR implementing channels are improved then the HR can help in improving the managers leading capabilities by providing training and support with needed knowledge. HR department and managers within business must incorporate diversity policies into every aspect of the organizations functions and purpose. HR should focus on outstanding leadership characteristics where they can train and place the right leader at the right time and place (Mumford, Antes, Caughron, Friedrich, 2008). These characteristics should have respect, empathy and being genuine such as accurately understanding employees feelings and genuinely valuing and supporting without patronizing. Managers manage change, but best leaders create change by inspiring their employees and they believe diversity as an important goal, and the responsibility for diversity does not belong to HR but belongs to the on duty managers. In McDonalds scenario HR should explain and provide continuous training to the managers regarding benefits, costs and barriers of workplace diversity and the financial and non-financial consequences such as employee turnover costs, laws and legislations associated. Thi s restaurant is need of a leader who can set a good example by teaching others what they expect from them and this can be easily achieve recognizing the many talents and understanding the richness of diversity. For example, in this scenario if a person complains regarding someone attitude, then handle the manager should handle the complaint very critically. He can encourage the complainer for reporting the matter but also explain the person about the unique value the other person brings to the workplace.   They can teach people to look for the positive traits of others and not for the differences and this is only possible if they can be a role model for respect and dignity. Once the HR implementing channel and leadership are aligned with each other then the focus moves on employee to create workplace diversity awareness. Creating workplace diversity awareness lies in the continuous improvement of the integration and social acceptance of people from different backgrounds. The overall perception of employees seems to be a very important factor in understanding their behaviours at the workplace because they are exposed to diverse HR practices rather than exclusively to a single practice (Chang, 2005). Management tools in a diverse workforce should be used to educate everyone about diversity and its issues, including laws and regulations (Green et al., 2012). Management should organize social gatherings and business meetings where the employees are given a chance to speak and listen. This type of eemployee involvement and feedback are necessary components in achieving successful workplace diversity. Managers should continuously monitor the work environment and act as agents of positive workplace diversity to eliminate any sign of negative barrier arising. If needed then employees should never be denied n ecessary, constructive, critical feedback for learning about mistakes and successes. Importance to business goals and targets should be given but not on the cost workplace diversity problems. Boxall Purcell (2011) suggests that best practices should be aligned with best fit to maintain a sustainable business environment and gain a competitive advantage over rivals. In this scenario, imagine if the workplace diversity problems continue then the quality of service will drop which will slowly affect the business. Therefore workplace diversity should be everyones business starting from senior management, HR department, managers and employees. Conclusion The future of workplace diversity cannot be predicted with any level of clarity. This is because McDonalds is a global leader in fast food industry and their HR has won many awards in the last decade. Therefore, being at such a strong position in the global market and has a restaurant which ignores the importance of workplace diversity. This report has explored a few areas of practical and theoretical development of HRM planning and controlling. It also explains around the levels, cycles process, objective and approaches of planning and controlling and uses the recommendations to control the gaps and plan a bridge between the practice and theory.

Thai Elephants and Its Significant

The elephant, the giant size animal with enormous power and gentle heart, is a living creature that have special place in Thai’s heart. It has been the icon of Thai tradition, culture and royal power through centuries since the old Siam. The thousand and thousand years of relationship between Thai people and elephants are even recorded and can be found abundantly on the pages of Thai’s historical book. Because of their long association, it surely can be said that Thailand is to elephants and elephants is to Thailand. The elephant has been an integral part of Thailand’s history and culture through both good time and war time. It is a symbol of tradition, history, royal, fortune and superstition. According to Buddhist legend, Queen Maya of Sakya, Lord Buddha’s mother, was dreamed that a divine Bodhisattva on white elephant touched her side. Later she became pregnant. This is why elephants are place in high esteem and reverence to Thai people, and white elephants are representing as high dignity and majesty. Therefore, the white elephant was a national emblem on Siam’s national flag. Moreover, the elephants are on Thai’s stamps, Navy flag, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, coins, architectures, Buddhist art, temples and many more. The country annually celebrates the 13th of March as Elephant Day. In general, elephants are the largest land animal that exists now. They are great in size with enormous strength, intelligent, and gentle creature. Elephants are highly socialized animals. They live in forests, grassland and scrub with their family herds and friends. The life span of elephants is closely equal to human beings, approximately 70-100 years. The elephant’s gestation period is between 18 to 22 months. Elephants become sexually mature at the age of 16 as their early teens. A mature male elephant of age 20 is usually stay in pairs or a group of three. There is a hierarchy in elephant, the dominant adult male elephant with experience and strength is established and gain respect from their younger elephants in the group. The older female with years of accumulated knowledge is respected by the female members. The prime life of elephants that reach the peak of their physical power is between the ages of 25-40. They begin to slow down after the age of 40 and set in approximately at the age of 55. They normally live for 80 years or more. Elephants are herbivorous. They enjoy a variety of vegetation like bamboo, grasses, trees, plant leaves and fruits. A mature elephant can consume up to 200-300 kilograms of food and 60 gallons of water a day. Elephants are the kind of animal that love affection and attention. They have a gentle hearts and value friendship. Thai elephants have shared history with Thai people in traditional and cultural ways since the days of old Siam. Historically, elephants were people main transportation, labor and warfare. Based on historical recorded, elephants are supreme importance in the battlefield. The most renowned elephant war was 300 years ago between Thai and Burma. They were used as the main source of army with fully plate amours. In elephant dual, commanders would sit on elephants’ backs and combat adversaries. In the battlefield of the late 17th century, there were as many of 20,000 war elephants in Siam’s army. There were four renowned war elephant in Thai’s history as follows: the battle between King Ramkhamhaeng and Khun Sam Chon during Sukhothai era, Chao Aye Phraya and Chao Yee Phraya in early Ayuthaya era, Queen Srisuriyothai and Pharachao Prae, a Burmese commander in Ayuthaya Era, and King Naresuan and the Burmese Crown Prince in Ayuthaya Era. Recently, the films called ‘Srisuriyothai’ and â€Å"King Naresuan† were made. War elephants were included as an important part of the movies. The importance of Thai elephants is not only for the used in battlefields. Elephants are also the prestige animals to Thai’s Kings, specifically white elephants. A white elephant is a symbol of royal power. It features King’s power and monarch by numbers. It is believed that the more white elephants held to the King, the more King’s power in the adversaries. However, a white elephant is rare and is registered as the private property of reigning Monarch when they once found. It represents auspicious and the king’s prestige. White elephants are known as Royal elephants. It is noted that H. M. King Bhumibol also has stables of white elephants. The white elephant was also featured in the Siam national flag until the country had changed the name to Thailand. In the old days when the nation was not occupied with wars, elephants became the use of beast of burden. With their great size, enormous power and talent, elephants were capable as best carrier for heavy matters and human’s transportation. Not long ago, elephants are used for the forest work where machines are not determined as best equipments. The labor of elephants is preferred as they would not devastate even small crops. In fact, they were required years of training start from the age of 4 and were trained by two mahouts for about twenty years, and then put to work in the timber industry. Working elephants have a career of about 50 years and then set free as their retirement at the age of 61. Their daily tasks were the extraction of heavy teak logs, haul logs, carrier and mountaineer. The working elephant is capable of lifting up 700 kilograms of log with tusks and dragging the load of 1. 5 tons. Elephants have work schedule and future career just like we do. Due to the ban of logging industries from Thai’s government in 1989, the elephants’ situation came to the downside. Thousands of them were thrown out of work. Moreover, the deforestation and the decrease of forest surface due to the big increase in human population affected the habitat loss of elephants. Many elephants died from starvation. The number of poaching for elephants’ body was also increasing continually. The above causation led to the dramatic drop in numbers of elephants in Thailand over the past hundred years. In the early 20th century, there were the numbers of approximately 300,000 elephants compare to the numbers of approximately 3,000 elephants that extinct today. Thai elephants are in the severest situation. Nowadays, several projects and conservation are constituted to preserve wild life elephants. The project of bring elephants home is to support elephants in Thailand as well as their mahouts and families who depend mostly on elephants for survival. These organizations are trying to gather as many numbers of elephants in the area, training them, and recruiting them new jobs. Elephants are reemployed mainly for tourist’s entertainment. The elephant show is what they are currently doing in the Thai Elephant Conservation Center in Lampang, the Elephant Nature Park in Chiang Mai and the Khao Yai National Park for example. Elephants will be train to entertain tourists. Thanks for their innate intelligence, elephants can do various kinds of sports and games such as drawing picture, playing football, dancing, racing, trekking, logging, and caravan. They love games and music. The elephant show attracts great numbers of visitors from Thai and foreign countries. However, there are some elephants sent to the forest and mountain to learn how to work. No matter how elephants have always been loved to Thai people, there are numbers of elephants have been sent abroad recently. According to news, Thai government had export 8 elephants to China. Another eight elephants were export to Australian zoos in 2006. It is claimed that elephants were sent for research and development purpose. Australia bought 8 elephants for a breeding program of endangered species. However, there were controversy and protest from animal rights activists before the elephants’ journey to new home. Last year, one of the eight elephants gave birth to a new male baby born elephant at Sydney’s Taronga zoo. And there are two female elephants on gestation. The shrinkage of forest areas in Thailand seems to be initial problems to the current situation of Thai elephants. 70 percent of the forest areas disappeared in less than a century. Even though, logging was banned in 1989. There is still ongoing illegal logging. The forest devastation affects elephants’ habitat and inadequate food for survival. Daily high consumption of elephants threatened the owner and themselves. This situation leads the problem of elephants roaming in the city street for money by their owners. Nevertheless, there are more problems that threaten the numbers of elephants and put elephants in endangered species. Illegal poaching for elephants’ live capture, tusks, calves, ivories, meat and other part of the body for trade and medical use are definitely severe threats as it can also distort sex ratios in the population and affect reproduction. Moreover, there is the conflict issue between human and elephants on the protected areas. When human population have been increasing, forest areas have been destruction for farms, settlements, and other facilities to serve human needs. Starved elephants enter the new protected areas that used to be their forests and hunt for food on human’s crops and other agricultural plants. They cause damage to human’s properties. Later, human try to protect their farmlands from the invaded elephants. Sadly, the protection is resulting in elephant’s capture, poison, electrocution and shooting. There are many research and report done by conservationists to reduce the impact and mainly to preserve the giant living creature from the soon extinct. Currently, Wild elephants in Thailand are on the protected species under the Protection of Wildlife Conservation Act 1992. But it doesn’t seem to be enough action according to the reducing numbers of elephants. The population of wild elephants is decreasing continually whereas the population of domesticated elephants is increasing. Therefore, wild elephants should be put on endangered species list. This is to protect them from poaching and commercial purpose. Same as domesticated elephants that are currently under the Beast of Burden Act, they should be considering remove from the Beast of Burden Act and replace with the Protection of Wildlife Conservation Act 1992. Restriction of the ownership transfer should be considering as well. It can protect future trading. Regular elephants’ Medicare, food and veterinary are necessary and need to be provide by government or organizations to solve the loss problem. It is because the nurture cost for elephants is relatively high and most elephants’ owners are poor, then they could not afford the high cost. It is time to put elephant’s monitoring in systematic. The record of birth, transfer, breeding and death should be strictly report to keep the most accuracy track on elephants’ situation. The one widely seen problem of elephants is the mahout’s roaming elephants on the city street. It should be strictly ban to protect elephants from sickness and accident. Also, Mahouts should be provided with appropriate jobs, therefore they would not bring elephants to the city street. New elephants’ habitat is important and need to be processed in suitable areas. It is suggested by Thai Elephant Research and Conservation Funds, TERF, that Thai need new elephant law. The law should be in serious condition and long term conservation for both wild and domesticated elephants. At present, wild elephants in Thailand are protected under national law and the CITES treaty which involve the prohibition of ivory trade. It is obvious that Thailand’s long national emblem of power and peace is in severe condition. The modernization of the country that replaces the old traditional way of living may favor Thai people in 20th centuries. Unfortunately, it doesn’t seem to be the same favor given to elephants. The awakening is needed to preserve the living magnificent and generous animal of the country’s liberated heroes from the extinction. How Thai can be proud with the loss of national emblem. Next generations of the next would not delight to see their unsung hero through the historical text books or elsewhere. Elephants, friends of ours, need abruptly attention and great concerned. Elephant is to Thailand and Thailand needs elephants. It is not only for the history, but it’s for the future of the nations and eternity.